Materials Literature
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Results of torsional oscillation tests are reported that were performed at the temperature T=230C on melts of a hybrid nanocomposite consisting of isotactic polypropylene reinforced with 5 wt.% of montmorillonite clay. Prior to mechanical testing, specimens were annealed at temperatures ranging from 250 to 310C for va…
Motivated by the observed thickness-scaling of the coercive field in ferroelectric films over five decades, we develop a statistical approach towards understanding the conceptual underpinnings of this behavior. Here the scaling exponent is determined by the field-dependence of a known and measured quantity, the nuclea…
We report measurements and analysis of the magnetic critical phenomena in a single crystal of ${\mathrm{La}}_{0.875}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{0.125}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}.$ The critical exponents associated with the ferromagnetic transition have been determined from ac susceptibility and dc magnetization data. Techniques like the Ko…
The synthesis, X-ray structures, and magnetic behavior of two new, three-dimensional compounds [W(IV)[(mu-CN)(4)Co(II)(H(2)O)(2)](2).4H(2)O](n) (1) and [[W(V)(CN)(2)](2)[(mu-CN)(4)Co(II)(H(2)O)(2)](3).4H(2)O](n) (2) are presented. Compound 1 crystallizes in the tetragonal system, space group I4/m with cell constants a…
The optical properties of perovskite barium titanate in the core-level spectra are investigated by the first principles under scissor approximation. There are nine peaks at the curve of the imaginary part of dielectric function. The optical spectra are assigned to interband contribution from O 2p valence bands to Ti 3…
Multilayer films have been prepared by the sequential electrostatic adsorption of poly(L-lysine) and hyaluronic acid onto charged silicon surfaces from dilute aqueous solutions under various pH conditions. Microelectrophoresis was used to examine the local acid-base equilibria of the polyelectrolytes within the films…
Nearly monodispersed CoFe2O4 nanoparticles with average sizes between 8 and 100 nm were synthesized by using seed-mediated growth dominant coprecipitation and modified oxidation methods. X-ray diffraction and Mössbauer spectroscopy analyses confirmed the spinel phase and a stoichiometric composition of (Co0.25Fe0.75)[…
The radiative recombination coefficient B(T) of intrinsic crystalline silicon is determined as a function of temperature over the temperature range 77–300 K. We observe that B(T) decreases as a function of temperature and we compare our results to previously published contradictory data from the literature. The radiat…
We report on the photoelectric properties of n-ZnO/p-Si photodiodes which detect UV photons in the depleted n-ZnO and simultaneously detect visible photons in the depleted p-Si. As characterized by I–V measurements in the photon range of 310 to 650 nm our photodiodes exposed to UV photons show a linear increase in pho…
In this work, we report on the growth, fabrication, and device characterization of wide-band-gap heterojunction light-emitting diodes based on the n-ZnO/p-GaN material system. The layer structure is achieved by first growing a Mg-doped GaN film of thickness 1 μm on Al2O3(0001) by molecular-beam epitaxy, then by growin…
Relaxation in supercooled liquids above their glass transition and below the onset temperature of “slow” dynamics involves the correlated motion of neighboring particles. This correlated motion results in the appearance of spatially heterogeneous dynamics or “dynamical heterogeneity.” Traditional two-point time-depend…
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering is capable of providing rich vibrational information at the level of single molecules and single nanoparticles, but the practical applications of this enormous enhancement effect are still a challenge. Here we report a new class of dye-embedded core-shell nanoparticles that are highly…
The photoreduction of silver ions by citrate, catalyzed on silver seeds, is used to synthesize disk-shaped silver nanoparticles in solution. The reaction is characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), optical absorption spectroscopy, and by measuring the silver ion concentra…
Homogeneous carbon nanotube/polymer composites were fabricated using noncovalently functionalized, soluble single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). These composites showed dramatic improvements in the electrical conductivity with very low percolation threshold (0.05–0.1 wt % of SWNT loading). By significantly improving…
The formation of nearly monodisperse CdTe nanocrystals dots (either zinc blende or wurtzite crystal structure), rods, and tetrapods in a noncoordinating solvent was studied. Several strong ligand effects were observed, and the ligand effects on the monomers were found to play a more important role than the ligand effe…
A series of new mesoporous silica materials with MCM-41 type of structure containing a homogeneous layer of organic functional groups inside the pores was prepared using a co-condensation method under low surfactant concentration condition. This reproducible synthetic approach resulted in high surface coverage with se…
Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as produced are usually entangled and not ready to be dispersed into fluids. We treated CNTs by using a concentrated nitric acid to disentangle CNT aggregates for producing CNT nanofluids. Oxygen-containing functional groups have been introduced on the CNT surfaces and more hydrophi…
Produced via electrospinning, polyurethane membrane, which has a unique property, has been of interest in medical fields. Electrospinning is a process by which nanofibers can be produced by an electrostatically driven jet of polymer solution. Electrospun fibers are collected in the form of membranes. The porous struct…
The thermal conductivities of individual single crystalline intrinsic Si nanowires with diameters of 22, 37, 56, and 115 nm were measured using a microfabricated suspended device over a temperature range of 20–320 K. Although the nanowires had well-defined crystalline order, the thermal conductivity observed was more…
Abstract Highly‐deuterated potassium dihydrogen phosphate (DKDP) crystals were grown rapidly from point seeds under high supersaturation in a temperature range of 40‐60 °C. The growth rate was about 1‐2 order of magnitude higher than that of the traditional temperature reduction method. It was found that highly pure r…