Materials Literature
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Water-soluble CdS nanocrystals functionalized with tiopronin have been developed by using a straightforward and economical methodology. These quantum dots are biocompatible with hTERT-BJ1 human fibroblasts. The functionalization of the quantum dots with a translocation peptide has allowed them to penetrate the cell me…
We report results of dielectric investigations on a number of ferroelectric liquid crystalline (FLC) compounds with different degrees of layer shrinkage in the smectic-A(*) -smectic-C(*) phase transitions. With a decreasing extent of layer shrinkage the investigated FLCs exhibit a significantly increasing soft-mode ab…
The structure, chemical composition, and optical properties of tungsten trioxide thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition were investigated. An ultraviolet KrF* excimer laser (λ=248nm, τFWHM≅20ns, ν=2Hz) was used for irradiation of tungsten trioxide targets in oxygen atmosphere. Our research focused on the effect o…
This paper covers new results on the subjects of thermal stability and performance data for high-temperature SmCo magnets in periodic permanent magnet configurations. Based on several years of experiments and observations, these high-temperature magnets are metallurgically stable at temperatures up to 550/spl deg/C. F…
Alignment of magnetic nanoparticles in nanotubes (see Figure) is produced using magnetic bacteria. The protein- and lipid-coated nanocrystals are extracted from the bacteria, and then introduced into peptide nanotubes where they are anchored by hydrogen bonding. The aligned nanoparticles behave as magnetic nanowires,…
Using solvation techniques we explore the dynamics of nanoconfined and interfacial supercooled liquids near their glass transition temperatures. Confinement is accomplished by the use of porous glasses with pore diameters between 4 and $7.5\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}$, and by microemulsions with droplet siz…
Abstract Aromatic polyamides based on poly( m ‐xylylene adipamide) (MXD‐based polyamides) and poly(hexamethylene isophthalamide) (HMD‐based polyamides) were examined. Insight into the excellent gas‐barrier properties was obtained by the characterization of the effect of water sorption on the thermal transitions, densi…
Abstract Photocurable biodegradable multiblock copolymers were synthesized from poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) diol and poly( L ‐lactide) (PLLA) diol with 4,4′‐(adipoyldioxy)dicinnamic acid (CAC) dichloride as a chain extender derived from adipoyl chloride and 4‐hydroxycinnamic acid, and they were characterized with Fouri…
Norbornadiene (N) is used as an isolated guest in a host (the crystalline phase of robust syndiotactic polystyrene polymer films) and its valence photoisomerization to quadricyclane (Q) in it has been achieved. The product maintains the positional and orientational order of the reactant with respect to the polymeric c…
A new colored electro-optical film obtained by means of an oriented cholesteric liquid crystal (LC) confined in droplets dispersed in an organic-monomer matrix is presented. The cholesteric LC pitch can be adjusted using a photosensitive chiral material in order to produce the three primary reflected colors (see Figur…
Nanoporous thin polymer films have been produced by a simple two-step approach using metallo-supramolecular block copolymers as the starting materials. The first step is the self-assembly of the copolymer, yielding cylindrical microdomains oriented normal to the substrate. The second step involves the opening of the m…
The mechanical oscillatory behavior of a C60 molecule tunneling through a carbon nanotube induced by van der Waals interaction are investigated by molecular-dynamics simulations. It is found that the C60 performs a decaying oscillation with a gradual decrease of the oscillatory amplitude and a gradual decrease of the…
Robust self-assembly with very high order is demonstrated by polyisobutylene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (PIB–PEO) copolymers tailor-made by combining living cationic and anionic polymerization. A cubic micellar phase with long-range order and a glassy phase consisting of deformed spheroids are identified. Application…
Microcapsules with multilayer-thick shells are synthesized by depositing negatively charged nanoparticles around cationic polyamine aggregates crosslinked by multivalent counteranions (see Figure and inside cover). Unique among hollow-sphere preparative routes, this rapid and green synthesis leads to a robust organic/…
We present a systematic and realistic simulation for single and double phosphorous donors in a silicon-based quantum computer design. A two-valley equation is developed to describe the ground state of phosphorous donors in strained silicon quantum well (QW), with the central cell effect treated by a model impurity pot…
We discuss the dynamic impact ionization breakdown of high voltage p-n junction which occurs when the electric field is increased above the threshold of avalanche impact ionization on a time scale smaller than the inverse thermogeneration rate. The avalanche-to-streamer transition characterized by generation of dense…
Ab initio calculations for the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) in Co/Cu, Fe/Cr, and Fe/Au multilayers are presented. The electronic structure of the multilayers and the scattering potentials of point defects therein are calculated self-consistently. Residual resistivities are obtained by solving the quasi-classical Bolt…
The ground-state structures and ferroelectric properties of NbN (N=2-52) have been investigated by a combination of density-functional theory (DFT) in the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) and an unbiased global search with the guided simulated annealing. It is found that the electric dipole moment (EDM) exists…
Magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) of rutile Ti1−xCoxO2−δ is systematically examined with various x and δ to reveal a phase diagram for the appearance of ferromagnetism at higher carrier concentration and Co content. The phase diagram exactly matches with that determined from anomalous Hall effect (AHE). The magnetic f…
Bulk $\mathrm{Ni}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ is an insulating ferrimagnet. Here, we report on the epitaxial growth of spinel $\mathrm{Ni}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ ultrathin films onto $\mathrm{Sr}\mathrm{Ti}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ single crystals. We will show that---under appropriate growth conditions---epi…