Materials Literature
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Micro-optics have become the key technology in liquid crystal display systems due to its capabilities of miniaturization and design flexibility. Design consideration and experimental results of microoptical components for enhancing the image quality, providing better functions, increasing light efficiency, and generat…
Core−shell polymer nanoparticles consisting of a low glass transition temperature ( T g ) core of poly( n -butyl acrylate) or poly(2-ethylhexyl acrylate) and a glassy polystyrene shell were synthesized by two-stage emulsion polymerization. The obtained materials exhibit pressure-induced mixing of their components and…
Transplantation of microencapsulated cells shows potential to treat a variety of diseases. To improve the quality of microcapsules, efficient methods need to be established and standardized for the evaluation of biocompatibility of microcapsules. To this end, a microscopical method was developed to analyze quantitativ…
Employing triblock copolymers as structural directing agents, high-quality mesostructured titania thin films have been prepared on silicon substrates by spin coating. Post-treatment of the films in supercritical carbon dioxide, in the presence of small amounts of either tetraisopropoxide, tetramethoxysilane, or other…
The ground- and excited-state properties of a Ni(II) porphyrin bearing peripheral alkylthio group, NiOMTP (OMTP = 2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-octakis methylthio porphyrinate) have been investigated by steady-state and time-resolved absorption spectrometry and DFT/TDDFT theoretical methods. Several conformations corresponding…
We investigate the effect of 450 °C aging on the microstructure and on the martensitic transformations in a Ni-rich (50.8 at.% Ni) NiTi shape memory alloy using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), neutron diffraction (ND) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). On cooling from the hig…
Spin-polarized density functional theory is used to investigate hydrogen-induced magnetism in single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). Hydrogen trapped at a carbon vacancy can trigger delocalized $\ensuremath{\pi}$ electron spin polarization on semiconducting zigzag SWNTs. Hydrogen pinned by a carbon adatom on the surf…
Fe?~30?at.%?Pd is well known as a ferromagnetic shape memory alloy. The influence of Co and Pt additions on the shape memory and magnetostrictive behavior of Fe?Pd has been examined in the present investigation.
Brownian dynamics (BD) simulations were carried out for suspensions of oblate spheroid particles interacting via the Gay-Berne (GB) potential. The oblate spheroid particles were applied as a model of disc-like particles and the system of suspension of the particles was considered. Numerically analyzed were both the ch…
A guanidinium compound, ${[\mathrm{C}{(\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{H}}_{2})}_{3}]}_{4}{\mathrm{Cl}}_{2}\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$, has been synthesized and characterized by x-ray diffraction, calorimetric, dilatometric, and dielectric measurements, and by optical examination in polarized light. At room temperature the initial…
The thermally induced shape recovery behavior of NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA) wire under constraint conditions and variable pre-strain conditions was investigated. Two kinds of deformation procedures have been performed: test (1), fixed pre-strain with variable constrained stress; and test (2), fixed constrained stre…
Liquid crystal displays (LCDs) - born in late 1960s - have become a 45 billion-dollar industry in 2004. Today's LCD panels cover a wide range of sizes from 0.2 to 82 in diagonal. The electro-optical characteristics of any field effect LCD are determined by the orientation of its liquid crystal (LC) molecules at the di…
[graph: see text] Condensation of squaric acid with a number of differently substituted 2-pyrrolyl derivatives afforded three new classes of squaraines. Their sharp and intense absorption bands in the biological window (700-900 nm), inherent singlet oxygen generation capabilities, together with proper functionalizatio…
Results are presented of complementary measurements that probe the electronic structure and charge-density wave (CDW) modulation in the quasi-two-dimensional compounds $\mathrm{La}{\mathrm{Te}}_{1.95}$ and $\mathrm{Ce}{\mathrm{Te}}_{2}$. Transmission electron micrographs show that the modulation wave vectors associate…
The wide viewing angle technologies for liquid crystal displays (LCDs) are reviewed. The most promising liquid crystal modes for wide view technologies, such as in-plane switching, multidomain vertical alignment, patterned vertical alignment, and advanced-super-view are compared. By optimizing the phase-compensation f…
Though Ni–Ti shape memory alloys are used extensively in a variety of engineering and medical applications because of their attractive shape memory characteristics, they still suffer from certain drawbacks, such as low transformation temperatures, difficulty in production and processing and high cost of raw materials.…
A flat microlens array whose focal length can be switched from positive to negative by electric field is demonstrated experimentally and confirmed by computer simulations. To generate the required gradient refractive index, an inhomogeneous electric field is created by a spherical indium-tin-oxide (ITO) electrode whic…
The transformation behavior of Ni–Mn–Ga submicron polycrystalline thin films was investigated with respect to target composition, different substrates, annealing temperature and film thickness. Two series of thin films (A and B) with thicknesses ranging from 0.1 to 5 µm were deposited onto alumina ceramic, poly-vinyl…
Novel naphthalocyanine (Nc) nanotubes with special wall structures were fabricated by a template method using Nc molecules as building blocks. Thermal stabilization of the ordered columnar structures of the tetrakis(tert-butyl)naphthalocyanine (Ni-BNc) molecules, induced from the pi-pi interactions in the nanoscale ch…
Collagen is a widely used material in biomedical applications. Although processes that prepare collagen and collagen-based materials that show suitable properties after extraction exist, a ready-to-use, easily stockable, with tailored collagen concentration has not yet been developed. Using rat tail tendons, acid solu…