Materials Literature
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By coupling two nonlinear one dimensional lattices, we demonstrate a thermal diode model that works in a wide range of system parameters. We provide numerical and analytical evidence for the underlying mechanism which allows heat flux in one direction while the system acts like an insulator when the temperature gradie…
The combination of porous ultra low k dielectric and copper metallization is an attractive alternative to meet the requirements of ITRS roadmap concerning the 65 nm interconnection technology, but very little is known about the reliability of such an approach. Porous materials are usually unstable and sensitive to moi…
Abstract Sc 3 (Sc 0, 31 Al 0, 69 )O 6 wurde als farbloses Pulver sowohl über eine Festkörperreaktion aus den binären Oxiden und auch phasenrein über die Sol‐Gel‐Methode hergestellt. Durch die Kombination von Röntgen‐Pulverdiffraktometrie, Elektronen‐Einkristallbeugung und energiedispersiver Röntgenspektroskopie wurde…
This paper presents two circuit implementations for the differential capacitance read scheme (DCRS) in ferroelectric random-access memories (FeRAM). Compared to the conventional read scheme, DCRS achieves a faster read access by activating the sense amplifiers immediately after a wordline is activated. By relying on t…
Abstract Der Eisen‐Sauerstoff‐Alkoxy‐Cluster [Fe 9 O 3 (OC 2 H 5 ) 21 ]·C 2 H 5 OH kann unter unterschiedlichen Bedingungen zu Molekülen umgesetzt werden, denen alle die allgemeine Formel [Fe 5 O(OR) 8 (OR′) 5 ] gemeinsam ist. Erwärmt man [Fe 9 O 3 (OC 2 H 5 ) 21 ]·C 2 H 5 OH in Toluol, so entsteht [Fe 5 O(OC 2 H 5 )…
Electromigration in copper damascene interconnects is usually associated with interfacial diffusion at the copper/ dielectric barrier interface. In this study, we demonstrate how impurity and microstructural properties of the bulk copper can influence failures at the copper/dielectric barrier interface. Impurity conce…
Abstract The structural and magnetic properties of the double perovskite LaCaMnNbO 6 have been investigated using neutron powder diffraction and SQUID magnetometry. LaCaMnNbO 6 has a monoclinic P 2 1 / n superstructure ( a = 5.5929(1) Å, b = 5.7406(1) Å, c = 7.9824(1) Å and β = 89.897(1)°) with an almost fully ordered…
Novel assembled films of monolayer-protected clusters (MPCs) can be grown on gold and glass substrates with a 20-fold higher efficiency than established procedures. Thick MPC films grown using this new method, which can easily be scaled up or automated, are extremely stable and have properties identical to traditional…
Optical spectra of CdS nanocrystals are interpreted by using both the atomistic tight-binding method and multiband effective mass theory. Both methods correctly describe the energy splitting between the two lowest optically active transitions and their relative strengths, providing the same labeling of the two main ab…
Abstract The compounds In 5 Ch 5 X (Ch = S, Se; X = Cl, Br) represent new mixed valence solids with indium occurring simultaneously in three different oxidation states: In + , In 3+ and In 2+ where the latter appears as covalently bonded dumbbells (In 2 ) 4+ . Although the ionic formulation ( In 5 Ch 5 X = In + 2In 3+…
A sprinkle multiwall-carbon nanotubes, adding into the system of epoxy resin (EP), can bring the resin system to semiconducting state. Adding such kind of carbon nanotubes in the Ag/EP system which the content of conducting particle is below the threshold, can ameliorate its conducting capacity. 0.4wt.% of carbon nano…
A new type of volume holographic gratings based on polymer-liquid crystal composite named POLIPHEM (POlymer LIquid Crystal Polymer Holograms Electrically Manageable) is presented. The new composite material in combination with the proper holographic fabrication results in switchable holographic gratings with high diff…
Silica filled epoxy resins as encapsulation in chip packages reveal a major influence on the reliability and functionality of microelectronic devices. In this study, the resulting effects of postmold curing (PMC) on the thermomechanical and chemical properties of different mold compounds were observed. Polymer systems…
Adsorbed natural gas has various advantages and is relatively more economical than liquefaction and compression. In our present investigation, we have prepared the carbon monolith from a phenol resin mixed with a renewable resource (such as cotton fiber) after carbonization. The compositions were optimized to determin…
Abstract The two novel thioantimonates(III) (C 6 N 3 H 17 2+ )Sb 6 S 10 ( I ) and (C 7 N 2 H 13 + ) 3 Sb 9 S 15 ( II ) were synthesized under solvothermal conditions reacting Sb and S with the amines 1‐(2‐aminoethyl)‐piperazine (C 6 N 3 H 15 ) and 1, 5‐diazabicyclo[4.3.0.]non‐5‐en (DBN, C 7 N 2 H 12 ), respectively. T…
The growth kinetics of crystals of bis(imidazolium 2,6-dicarboxypyridine) M (II) dihydrate, where M = Cu, Ni, Co, Zn, and Mn, were studied in situ using atomic force microscopy. The aspect ratios of specific crystal facets were found to vary systematically with changes in the total concentration of the three component…
A detailed investigation of the reorganization processes occurring in the crystalline phase of poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) during fusion was performed by temperature-modulated differential scanning calorimetry (TMDSC). Quasi-isothermal TMDSC analyses were conducted for extended times at different temperatures i…
The structure of amorphous ice under pressure has been studied by molecular dynamics at 160 K. The starting low-density phase undergoes significant changes as the density increases, and at rho=1.51 g/cm(3) our calculated g(OO)(r) is in excellent agreement with in situ neutron diffraction data obtained at 1.8 GPa and 1…
This presentation is an overview of clean/strip processing for low Cu/low-k technology. The paper starts with a brief analysis of dry etch processes that determine the issues in subsequent processes; in the case of porous low-k dielectrics, etch conditions must be carefully optimized to find an optimal balance between…
An amorphous 50/50 atactic polypropylene (aPP)/isotactic polypropylene (iPP) mixture at 125 degrees C was simulated using a second nearest neighbor diamond lattice and a three states rotational isometric state model. The result suggests that at the liquidlike density that corresponds to the atmospheric pressure, aPP p…