Materials Literature
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The empirical database of Villars and Calvert on the structures of pseudobinary and ternary phases is ordered within a limited number of two dimensional plots by using the recently proposed Mendeleev number M, which takes a unique value for each element in the periodic table. The pseudobinaries are characterised by av…
The work presents an analysis and comparative evaluation of different methods used for the numerical solution of heat conduction with phase change problems. Both freezing (melting) water as well as solidifying liquid metal problems are examined. Emphasis is placed on weak formulations as they tend to be simple to prog…
Stability constants for the formation of Fe(III)-S(IV) complexes at µ = 0.4 M were determined spectroscopically. Values of K_1 = 10^(6.6) M^(-1) for Fe^(3+) + SO_3^(2-) ⇌ FeSO_3^+ and K_4 = 10^(7.3) M^(-1) for FeOH^(2+) + SO_3^(2-) ⇌ HOFeSO_3 were obtained. Raman measurements indicate that sulfite binds to the metal t…
The contributions of nonlinear fracture processes both in the microcracking frontal process zone and in the following wake region and of grain bridging to crack‐growth resistance parameters are discussed in terms of the R‐curve behavior of an isotropic polycrystalline graphite. The R‐curve behavior of the graphite is…
A detailed analysis is given on the energetics of bubble growth in a solid by prismatic loop punching. Interactions between the bubble and the dislocation loop are included as well as the effect of the loop proximity on the actual bubble volume. It is shown that there exists an attraction between bubble and loop and t…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCatalytic photochemical oxidation of organic substrates by polyoxometalates. Picosecond spectroscopy, photochemistry, and structural properties of charge-transfer complexes between heteropolytungstic acids and dipolar organic compoundsCraig L. Hill, Donald A. Bouchard, Mirya…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetics of mesophase transitions in thermotropic copolyesters. 1. Calorimetric studyStephen Z. D. ChengCite this: Macromolecules 1988, 21, 8, 2475–2484Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1988https:/…
Several methods have been developed which derive the orientation distribution (ODF) in a polycrystalline sample from pole figures measured by X-ray or neutron diffraction techniques. The theoretical backgrounds of the conventional harmonic method, of the vector method and of the method of Williams [J. Appl. Phys. (196…
Abstract Chromate (CrO 4 2− ) adsorption was investigated on kaolinite (0.2–2 μ m) saturated with NaClO 4 over a range of pH. Adsorption increased with decreasing pH because of protonation of chromate and/or variable charge sites on kaolinite. Chemical pretreatment to remove noncrystalline and crystalline oxide contam…
A macroscopic shape memory effect is demonstrated by first deforming a CeO 2 ‐stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Ce‐TZP) between the M b and A s temperatures and then recovering the shape change by heating above A b . Shape changes effected above A b are immediately recoverable during unloading, giving rise t…
Recent interest has been shown in the utilization of electrochemical noise as a method for the investigation of corrosion reactions. Studies of potential fluctuations under open‐circuit conditions indicate that the r.m.s. amplitude, or standard deviation, of the noise is related to the corrosion rate as calculated fro…
We used a molecular modeling approach to search for a conformation of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) that might uniquely influence acyl chain packing in cell membranes. Studies of DHA models containing six cis double bonds and five intervening methylene groups identified two conformations of special interest. Both had nea…
Two constitutive acetoacetyl-CoA (AcAc-CoA) reductases were purified from Alcaligenes eutrophus. Incorporation of [1-14C]-acetyl-CoA into poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) by systems reconstituted from purified preparations of either 3-ketothiolase, AcAc-CoA reductase and PHB synthase, occurred only when NADPH-AcAc-CoA red…
A new design for an infrared cell useful for studies of the spectrum of surface species on high area solids is presented. The cell is well suited over a wide temperature range (100–1000 K). Other demonstrated features of the cell include ultrahigh-vacuum operation, temperature control to ±1 K, linear and rapid tempera…
Kinetic studies performed on p21H guanine nucleotide complexes with and without Mg2+ show that point mutations at positions 12, 59, and 61 each have a different effect on the rate of nucleotide dissociation. Double mutants with a combination of these amino acid substitutions reveal that the effects of each mutation on…
A dynamical model of the temporal dependence of photostimulated luminescence of the storage phosphor BaFBr:Eu2+ as a result of preceeding x-ray irradiation is presented. The model is based on a monomolecular recombination mechanism. The commonly used bimolecular mechanism leads to contradictions with experimental obse…
The light-sensitive elements of conventional photographic materials are crystallites principally of the bromide or chloride salts of silver. Certain chemical modifications employing sulphur and gold compounds are used to maximize the response, and organic dyes are adsorbed to provide sensitivity throughout the visible…
Advances in machine learning have impacted myriad areas of materials science, such as the discovery of novel materials and the improvement of molecular simulations, with likely many more important developments to come. Given the rapid changes in this ...Read More
Sir Nevill Mott 1987 Oxford: Oxford University Press viii + 128 pp price £17.50 ISBN 0 19 851981 8 A new book by Sir Nevill Mott, even though a small one, can be expected to provide a significant contribution to solid state physics. This one highlights the extension, in recent years, of non-crystalline electronic soli…
We present the results of an extensive molecular-dynamics simulation of a dense polymer system. We show for the first time that simulations are able to cover the whole regime from pure Rouse dynamics to reptation dynamics and give strong evidence of the latter. The mean square displacements clearly exhibit a ${t}^{\fr…