Materials Literature
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The Casimir interaction between two thick parallel plates, one made of metal and the other of dielectric, is investigated at nonzero temperature. It is shown that in some temperature intervals the Casimir pressure and the free energy of a fluctuating field are the nonmonotonous functions of temperature and the respect…
The effect of molecular vibrations on electronic transport is investigated with the smallest fullerene C20 bridge, utilizing the Keldysh nonequilibrium Green's function techniques combined with the tight-binding molecular-dynamics method. Large discontinuous steps appear in the differential conductance when the applie…
The concept of targeted drugs is not new, but dates back to 1906 when Ehrlich1 first postulated the ‘magic bullet’. The durability of this concept is a strong indication of its appeal, but the ‘magic bullet’ continues to be a challenge to implement in the clinic. The challenge has been on three fronts: finding the pro…
We present an extension of density matrix based linear scaling electronic structure theory to incorporate spin degrees of freedom. When the spin multiplicity of the system can be predetermined, the generalization of the existing linear scaling methods to spin unrestricted cases is straightforward. However, without cal…
In this work, single-crystalline gold nanoplates were obtained by reducing aqueous chloroauric acid solution with the extract of Sargassum sp. (brown seaweed) at room temperature. The gold nanoplates so obtained were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, and transmission ele…
Boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY), which is commonly used as an energy absorbing and transferring antenna molecule, has been modified to contain an electron donor moiety, 8-(2,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-4,4-difluoro-1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (MEOPHBDP). The photoinduced electron transfer from a 2,4,5-tr…
A novel mesoporous SBA-15 type of hybrid material (phen-SBA-15) covalently bonded with 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) ligand was synthesized by co-condensation of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and the chelate ligand 5-[N,N-bis-3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl]ureyl-1,10-phenanthroline (phen-Si) in the presence of Pluronic P123 surfact…
Three situations are compared in which capillary forces, arising at a solid–fluid–fluid contact line, can lead to an arrested state. In the first, an isotropic fluid that enters a biphasic isotropic/nematic coexistence is arrested in its phase separation by the presence of colloids. In the second, colloids coating an…
Nacre, layered structure on the nanoscale, found inside certain seashells, shows remarkable strength due to the tiny amount of soft glues between hard sheets. In this paper, we develop an anisotropic elastic theory and fracture mechanics for the laminar structure at the level of scaling laws to reproduce the essence o…
We report X-ray crystal structures and magnetic properties of novel nitronyl nitroxide triradicals, p -triNN ( 1 ) and m -triNN ( 2 ), in which a ground-state singlet ( S = 0) biradical with a π-conjugated phenol substituent and an S = 1 / 2 carboxyl-substituted monoradicals are united by σ-bonds of an ester bridge. I…
Three metal complexes, [M(II)Cl2(4NOPy-OMe)2] (M = Cu (1), Ni (2), and Co (3)), were prepared by mixing the corresponding metal chloride and 4-(N-tert-butyloxyamino)-2-(methoxymethylenyl)pyridine, 4NOPy-OMe, in 1:2 ratio. Complex 1 has two structures (complexes A and B) with similar coordination geometries, compressed…
In this study, from the observed x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy results, and Kelvin probe measurements, it is suggested that the induced indium-tin-oxide (ITO) surface chemical changes by KrF excimer laser irradiation had strong effects on the surface work function (SWF) and surface rough…
Polyethylene oxide (PEO) on polymer surfaces has been reported to reduce cellular adhesion, a very desirable property for cardiac pacing leads. A Shore 80A polyether polyurethane with up to 6% PEO surface-modifying end groups (SME) was evaluated for its chronic in vivo biostability. In a short-term (12 week) screening…
The interfacial mechanics of soft elastic solids and nematic liquid crystals is presented. The theory can be applied to interfaces involving gels, elastomers, biomaterials, and thermotropic nematic liquid crystals. A model of anisotropic elastic interfaces is formulated and used to derive two fundamental capillary qua…
The temperature and pressure dependencies of the elasticity of amorphous carbon (a-C) have been measured using an ultrasonic technique. The microstructure and properties of a-C are found to be very sensitive to pressure and temperature. A striking softening of the long-wavelength acoustic phonons relative to the carbo…
Soft matter usually contains a fluid as its component, but it is often treated as a minor component. This is primarily due to the fact that a fluid component does not play major roles in determining the static equilibrium properties in many cases. However, a fluid component can play a crucial role in the dynamic proce…
Superelastic carbon microcoils (SCMCs) with high elasticity and coiling chirality were prepared by the Ni-catalyzed pyrolysis of acetylene, and novel tactile microsensor elements using the SCMCs as the sensor material were prepared. The sensor elements with a very small size of 80×80×80μm3 showed a very high sensitivi…
We present a detailed structural and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) study of poly(allylamine) modified with Os(byp)2ClPyCHO (PAH-Os) and gold nanoparticles self-assembled multilayers [PAH-Os+(Au-nanoparticlesPAH-Os)n, n=1 and 5]. Atomic force microscopy and variable-angle spectroscopic ellipsometry measureme…
During a recent investigation of the persistence of substrate ambiguity in contemporary enzymes, we identified three distinct ambiguous sugar kinases embedded within the modern Escherichia coli genome [Miller, B. G., and Raines, R. T. (2004) Biochemistry 43, 6387-6392]. These catalysts are the YajF, YcfX, and NanK pol…
We present an ab initio plane-wave-pseudopotential investigation of Si- (Ge-)capped Ge (Si) nanocrystallites. The effects of capping Si and Ge nanocrystallites on the electron-hole pair excitation energies, optical absorption spectra, localization of the highest-occupied and lowest-unoccupied molecular orbitals, Stoke…