Materials Literature
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The cohomology of a tiling or a point pattern has originally been defined via the construction of the hull or the groupoid associated with the tiling or the pattern. Here we present a construction which is more direct and, therefore, more easily accessible. It is based on generalizing the notion of equivariance from l…
Abstract Glycerol‐plasticized starch films were modified by addition of various layered compounds as fillers, two being of natural origin (kaolinite, a neutral mineral clay, and hectorite, a cationic exchanger mineral clay) and two synthetic (layered double hydroxide, LDH, an anionic exchanger, and brucite, having a n…
Abstract The effects of pyrrole, anthraquinone‐2‐sulphonic acid (AQSA) and iron(III) chloride (FeCl 3 ) concentrations, reaction time and temperature on the electrical conductivity of polypyrrole (PPy)—coated poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fabrics were investigated. With an increase in both the AQSA and FeCl 3 con…
Abstract PMMA/MMT nanocomposites were successfully synthesized via in situ intercalative polymerization, and characterized by means of wide‐angle X‐ray diffractometry, transmission electron microscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, dynamic mechanical analysis and Fourier‐transform infrared analysis. The nanocomposites…
Abstract Acoustic cavitation results in substantial enhancement in the rates of various chemical reactions but the existing knowledge about the application of reactors based on acoustic cavitation is limited to very small capacities (of the order of few millilitres). In the present work, an overview of the application…
Amyloid fibrils, such as those found in Alzheimer's and the gelsolin amyloid diseases, result from the misassembly of peptides produced by either normal or aberrant intracellular proteolytic processing. A paper in this issue by Marks and colleagues (Berson et al., 2003) demonstrates that intra-melanosome fibrils are f…
Abstract The thermal and mechanical properties of the biodegradable blends of poly( L ‐lactic acid) (PLLA) and lignin prepared by manual mixing have been investigated. Both the results of DSC and FTIR spectral analyses indicated the existence of intermolecular interaction between PLLA and lignin. Furthermore, FTIR elu…
A metastable homogeneous state exists down to zero temperature in systems of repelling objects. Zero ''fluctuation temperature'' liquid state therefore serves as a (pseudo) ''fixed point'' controlling the properties of vortex liquid below and even around melting point. There exists Madelung constant for the liquid in…
We theoretically investigate the origin of the x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) spectra at the K edges of Mn and Ga in the ferromagnetic phase of Mn3GaC on the basis of an ab initio calculation. Taking account of the spin-orbit interaction in the LDA scheme, we obtain the XMCD spectra in excellent agreement wi…
We present magnetisation data on crystalline and polycrystalline MgB2 before and after irradiation with ~1MeV protons. In the virgin crystal the critical current density is below our noise floor of 103A/cm2 over most of the field range. However, after irradiation a peak occurs in the current density as a function of a…
A novel broad-band measurement method of the MI in thin films and ribbons is presented. It is based on the automated measurement of the reflection coefficient of a cell loaded with the sample. Illustrative results obtained with a permalloy multilayer thin film are presented and discussed.
Giant magneto impedance (GMI) effect for as-cast Vitrovac$^{\textrm{\scriptsize\textregistered}}$ amorphous ribbons (Vacuumschmelze, Germany) in two configurations (parallel and normal to the ribbon axis) is studied over the frequency range [0.3-400 MHz] and under static magnetic fields -160 Oe $< H_{dc} < $+160 Oe. A…
The precise measurements of vortex melting point towards a need to develop a quantitative theoretical description of thermal fluctuations in vortex matter. To tackle the difficult problem of melting, the description of both the solid and the liquid phase should reach the precision level well below 0.1%. Such a theory…
We derive analytic expressions for force propagation in packings of frictionless discs with a narrow distribution of disc sizes, by expanding to first order about the known ordered solution. The distribution of contact forces P(f) is found to be narrow at the upper surface, and broaden at a rate that varies with depth…
This review reports on the research done during past years on violations of the fluctuation–dissipation theorem (FDT) in glassy systems. It is focused on the existence of a quasi-fluctuation–dissipation theorem (QFDT) in glassy systems and the current supporting knowledge gained from numerical simulation studies. It c…
[reaction: see text] Naphthopyran derivatives with aminoxyl substituents (4a,b) gave the corresponding open-formed isomers (5a,b) by irradiation, which could be changed back to the starting closed-formed naphthopyrans by the treatment with SiO(2) as a catalyst. The tuning of intermolecular magnetic interactions betwee…
We report the results of an experimental study of magnetohydrodynamic damping of sidewall convection in a rectangular enclosure filled with gallium. In particular we investigate the suppression of convection when a steady magnetic field is applied separately in each of the three principal directions of the flow. The s…
Novel rodlike liquid crystalline (LC) materials incorporating the nonbenzenoid aromatic 1,3-diazaazulene unit have been synthesized and investigated by polarizing microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray diffraction of oriented samples. Some representatives form, in addition to conventional SmC phases,…
In this study, electroabsorption (Stark) spectroscopy is used to determine the trace of the change in polarizability (tr ) and the absolute value of the change in dipole moment (| Δ μ|) of the electroluminescent polymer poly[2-methoxy,5-(2‘-ethyl-hexoxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene] (MEH−PPV) and several model oligomers in…
We discuss experimental results of a versatile nonbinary modulation and channel code appropriatefor two-dimentional page-oriented holographic memories. An enumerative permutation code is used to provide a modulation code that permits a simple maximum-likelihood detection scheme. Experimental results from the IBM Demon…