Materials Literature
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The relationship between electrical conductivity and crystal structure in Ln2Ce2O7 (Ln=La, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Y and Yb) systems was investigated. The crystal phases were assigned to a fluorite (F)-type phase accompanying the rare earth C-type superstructure, when the ionic radius ratio, r(Ln3+)/r(Ce4+) were larger than 1…
For the first time, Raman spectroscopy has been employed to investigate formation of cross-links in collagen and porcine pericardium tissue upon glutaraldehyde (GA) treatment. GA treatment causes a very high fluorescence background, which overlaps Raman bands. It has been found that short fixation time, i.e. 2 h, redu…
Collagen is the most abundant protein in animals and because of its high mechanical strength and good resistance to degradation has been utilized in a wide range of products in industry whilst its low antigenicity has resulted in its widespread use in medicine. Collagen products can be purified from fibres, molecules…
Three different titanium-grafted silicates, with different morphological features were compared in the epoxidation, using tert-butylhydroperoxide as oxidant, of methyl oleate, methyl elaidate and of a mixture of methyl esters, obtained from high-oleic sunflower oil. Ti-MCM-41, a well-ordered mesoporous catalyst, showe…
Nanotubes of Mg(OH)2 have been synthesized by a simple solvothermal method using Mg10(OH)18Cl2·5H2O nanowires as precursors without any surfactant or catalyst. XRD, TEM, ED and HRTEM have been used to characterize the structure, morphology and composition of the nanotubes. The significant variation of intensity betwee…
Luminescent Y2O2S : Eu3+ nanoceramics having an average particle size of 20 nm has been prepared through a gel–polymer thermolysis process employing a urea–formaldehyde resin. In this nanocrystalline system, large blue shifts (in relation to the bulk system) of ∼5000 cm−1 and ∼2000 cm−1 in the photoluminescence excita…
A surfactant-assisted one-step synthesis route was developed, leading to the formation of a very high surface area (600 m2 g−1) of zirconia and unprecedented hierarchical meso-macroporous structure with wormhole-like mesoporous walls and a novel, uniform assembly of macropores ranging in size from 300 to 500 nm.
Stable silver coated gold hydrosols, with particle size varying from 12–200 nm, were prepared and tested as a substrate for surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Nanoparticles containing a 12 nm gold core and coated with a silver shell varying from 0–100 nm were prepared. It is shown that SERS sensitivity depends…
Five sodium aluminosilicate glasses in the series Na 2 O: xAl 2 O 3 ,:(3-x) SiO 2 and Na 2 0:Al 2 O 3 :ySiO 2 were prepared and subjected to leaching at pH 2 under ambient conditions for up to 1000 h. Solid- state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy revealed the identity of aluminate and silicate environment…
New ordered nanoporous carbon materials can be synthesized using pitch and mesoporous silica materials as the carbon precursor and template, respectively. In this case, the silica material (type MCM-48 and SBA-15) is impregnated with pitch and further carbonized. After removal of the silica by acid treatment, a graphi…
The orientation-controlled LDH crystals on Si substrates were intercalated by dicarboxylate ions to give the anisotropic layer expansion.
During emersion, diatoms are exposed to sunlight (with UVB) on tidal flats, where the salinity may increase as a result of evaporation. In order to investigate whether a combination of UV radiation and desiccation would cause oxidative stress under such conditions, an experiment has been carried out with the diatom Cy…
The magnetocaloric effects (MCEs) in cubic NaZn13-type La(FexSi1−x)13 compounds and their hydrides composed of icosahedral clusters have been investigated because these compounds exhibit the itinerant-electron metamagnetic (IEM) transition just above the Curie temperature Tc: The value of Tc can be increased continuou…
A long afterglow phosphor, was prepared and studied. It exhibits a broad-band emission in the deep blue with a persistence time longer than 10 h. The ions occupy three distinct sites in this material, and the emission and excitation spectra from ions in these sites have been identified. The thermoluminescence spectra…
Chitosan, a natural polysaccharide that has excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability, can be used as nerve conduit material. The purpose of this work was to study the ability of chitosan and some chitosan-derived materials to facilitate nerve cell attachment, differentiation and growth. The biomaterials studied…
CdSe quantum dots with polymerisable ligands have been incorporated into polystyrene beads, via a suspension polymerisation reaction, as a first step towards the optical encoding of solid supports for application in solid phase organic chemistry.
Hydrogen environment embrittlement (HEE) of type 316 series austenitic stainless steels was investigated in the temperature range from 300 to 80 K. Hydrogen showed a marked effect on the tensile properties of type 316, 316L and 316LN stainless steels. HEE increased with decreasing temperature, reached a maximum at aro…
The roles played by the conformational disordering of alkyl chains in determining the aggregation states of matter are reviewed for liquid crystalline materials from a thermodynamic perspective. Entropy, which is one of the most macroscopic concepts but which has a clear microscopic meaning, provides crucial microscop…
Water vapor is present in most environments in which alloys are used at elevated temperatures and there are papers in the literature that show water vapor usually has adverse effects on the oxidation resistance of alloys. However, the exact effect of water vapor is dependent on the particular alloy under consideration…
A new approach to the one-step synthesis of cadmium selenide (CdSe) quantum dots is reported using the air stable complex cadmium imino-bis(diisopropylphosphine selenide); the ligand is readily prepared from elemental selenium and the precursor, quantum dots of comparable quality to those prepared by conventional meth…