Materials Literature
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Abstract The system of the nanocrystals of Si in the SiO 2 matrix (SiO 2 :Si) attracts a great amount of attention due to its ability for luminescence in the visible and near‐IR range of spectrum. The influence of the P ion doping was investigated for the electronic structure of the Si single crystal and the SiO 2 :Si…
The fatigue of mechanical strain induced by electric fields was investigated for antiferroelectric Pb 0.97 La 0.02 (Zr 0.77 Sn 0.14 Ti 0.09 )O 3 ceramics. The material shows a high resistance to fatigue owing to bipolar electric cycling up to 10 8 cycles. The strain hysteresis loop is still fairly symmetric, whereas t…
At the present time, the most widely-used piezoelectric material belongs mainly to the PZT solid solution system (1-x) PbTixO3 – x ZrTiO3. Because of the possible evaporation of lead oxides during ...
Dielectric relaxation (activation energy U≈0.03 eV, relaxation time τ0≈5×10−11 s) has been observed in SrTiO3: Mn solid solutions at low temperatures. It is assumed that the relaxation is related to reorientation of the polarons localized at defects of the {Mn Ti 2+ -O−} type and that the deviations from classical the…
Abstract Vegetable oil epoxides (oxiranes) are customarily manufactured using acetic acid (AA) as oxygen carrier and reactant source, in aqueous/organic media. Further attack of the oxirane ring by AA proceeds in this acid‐catalyzed process, lowering yield. We report a study of the degradation of the ring by water‐sol…
We describe a model-independent approach for the extraction of detailed lattice dynamics information from neutron powder diffraction data, based on a statistical analysis of atomistic configurations generated using reverse Monte Carlo structural refinement. Phonon dispersion curves for MgO extracted in this way are sh…
Textured crystalline NiO thin films were grown on Si(100) substrates by off-axis RF magnetron sputtering without substrate heating using a NiO target. (100)-textured NiO films were obtained using pure Ar gas. On the other hand, (111)-textured NiO films were obtained using pure O 2 gas. Also, the surface morphology and…
The effect of cathodic potential on hydrogen generation and permeation behavior of a X-65 pipeline steel exposed to near-neutral pH NS4 soil environment was studied. The steel-hydrogen interaction was evaluated in terms of the total hydrogen content in the steel and the hydrogen permeation flux through the steel coupo…
Abstract The rich behavior of thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPUs) undergoing phase transition is investigated by means of combined rheological and DSC techniques. In particular, the kinetics of micro‐phase transition of a commercial TPU are followed under both isothermal conditions (crystallization from the melt), and…
Abstract This work presents the electrochemical results obtained during the study of the corrosion of X52 pipeline steel sample, immersed in brines containing H 2 S, under turbulent flow conditions. Linear polarisation resistance (LPR), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), Electrochemical Noise (EN) and polar…
Past research into the mechanism governing the time to active crevice corrosion—the incubation period—of a passive metal crevice has produced theoretical models coupled with the B-dot model, the Debye-Hückel limiting law, and other activity models to correct for nonideal behavior at moderately high concentrations. In…
Abstract Real‐time, Raman spectroscopic measurements of crystallinity during the blown film extrusion of a linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE) are reported. The take‐up ratio (TUR), inflation air pressure, and cooling conditions were varied, and their effect on the development of crystallinity was studied. The res…
Abstract A series of substituted pyridinium betaines of squaric acid have been prepared by quaternization reaction of 3‐ and 4‐substituted pyridines with squaric acid. The products were characterized by means of elemental analysis, melting points, and their UV‐vis and IR spectra. The UV‐vis spectra of all investigated…
The results for cluster shape anisotropy over a broad range (10)(-3)-10(-1)) of monomer volume fractions, fv values, are presented for both two- (2d) and three-dimensional (3d) simulations of diffusion-limited (DLCA), ballistic-limited (BLCA), and reaction-limited (RLCA) cluster-cluster aggregation classes. We find th…
The electrical switching behaviors of an offset-type phase change memory device with a highly resistive TiON layer were investigated, where the TiON layer (7 nm thick) was formed at a 70 nm wide contact between Ge 1 Sb 2 Te 4 and TiN layers. Reversible transitions between crystalline (set) and amorphous (reset) phases…
Abstract Quantification of surface nano‐structures by angle‐resolved XPS (ARXPS) is straightforward and works quite reliably for perfectly flat surfaces of amorphous materials. For rough surfaces, the interpretation of ARXPS is, however, complicated because the angular variation of the XPS peak intensity depends on th…
Abstract Small‐angle scattering (SAS) studies are reviewed of adsorption and capillary condensation of water, hydrocarbons and halogenated hydrocarbons near room temperature, and of nitrogen at 78 K in some mesoporous solids, mainly silicas. The theory needed for the interpretation of SAS data is briefly covered. Calc…
Colored oxide films were grown on AISI-304 stainless-steel samples by chemical and electrochemical methods using different coloring times. The electrochemical methods involved the use of alternating potential pulses and triangular current scans. The colored films were characterized in the visible region by reflectance…
Magnetic and neutron-diffraction studies of La 2 CoMnO 6 doped with strontium and calcium ions are carried out. Stoichiometric and calcium-containing samples are orthorhombically distorted, whereas the oxidation and doping with strontium ions stabilizes a rhombohedral structure. Neutron-diffraction studies show that L…
We report here a simple approach to reactivation of iron catalysts for improving the efficiency of catalyst-directed surface growth of SWNTs by heating treatment (normally at 450 °C for 30 min in air). The heat treatment approach can burn off the amorphous carbon coated on catalysts and may change the interaction betw…