Materials Literature
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An electrochemical etching technique has been developed that provides continuous control over the porosity of a porous silicon layer as a function of etching depth. Thin films with engineered porosity gradients, and thus a controllable gradient in the index of refraction, have been used to demonstrate broadband antire…
We have calculated the complete anisotropic crystal-melt interfacial free energy of aluminum, using molecular dynamics simulations of the interfaces in equilibrium. The interfacial free energy, $\ensuremath{\gamma}(\mathbf{n}^),$ can be expressed in terms of two anisotropic parameters, $\ensuremath{\epsilon}=1.2$% and…
We report on catalyst-driven molecular beam epitaxy of ZnO nanorods. The process is site specific, as single crystal ZnO nanorod growth is realized via nucleation on Ag films or islands that are deposited on a SiO2-terminated Si substrate surface. Growth occurs at substrate temperatures on the order of 300–500 °C. The…
At microwave frequencies, hollow metallic waveguides behave in certain aspects as a "one-dimensional plasma." This feature will be advantageously used for simulating the propagation of electromagnetic (EM) waves in left-handed metamaterials provided the hollow waveguide is periodically loaded with split ring resonator…
INTRODUCTION. Historical Aspects. Definitions, Terminology and Classification of Pore Structures. GENERIC METHODS FOR THE CHARACTERIZATION OF POROUS MATERIALS. Modelling of Ideal Pore Structure. Fractal Analysis. Microscopy and Stereology. Scattering and Diffraction Methods. Adsorption from Gas Phase. Adsorption from…
Anelastic relaxation behavior of hydrogen atom diffusion in Ni3Al was investigated in single crystal by an inverted torsion pendulum. Two peaks appeared at about 270 K (P0) and 387 K (P1), which were considered to be caused by stress-induced reorientation of the H–H pairs and B–H pairs, respectively.
The mechanism of hydrolysis of the nitrile (N-acetyl-phenylalanyl-2-amino-propionitrile, I) catalyzed by Gln19Glu mutant of papain has been studied by nanosecond molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. MD simulations of the complex of mutant enzyme with I and of mutant enzyme covalently attached to both neutral (II) and…
PURPOSE: To examine the effect of phosphoric acid solution on the anodic oxide film of titanium. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Commercially pure grade 2 titanium specimens were prepared and anodized in phosphoric acid solution at a constant current density (70 A/m2). Specimens were evaluated by means of scanning electron mic…
Grafting of maleic anhydride (MAH) onto metallocene based polyethylene–octene elastomer (POE) was studied in this article. By the results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), it was confirmed that POE was grafted with M…
Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) was employed as templating agent for the synthesis of porous silica. The effect of PEG chain length and of the PEG/silica ratio on textural properties (fractality, pore size, and pore distribution) were investigated by monitoring the development of silica-PEG intermediates using ultrasmall…
Abstract The melting and crystallization behavior of nonreactive and reactive melt‐mixed blends of polypropylene and carboxylic‐modified polyamide (mPA) as the dispersed phase was investigated. It was found that the size of the mPA particles decreases and the crystallization behavior of the mPA particles changes in de…
Abstract Pressure‐sensitive adhesives (PSAs) composed of a styrene–isoprene–styrene triblock copolymer and a midblock‐associating resin were prepared via solvent and hot‐melt coating. The formulations and thermal histories up to the point of coating were identical, yet significant differences in the properties were ob…
An extraordinary high Al3+ ion conducting solid electrolyte was realized by successfully stabilizing the NASICON-type structure which has a suitable three-dimensional Al3+ ion pass way. Because the Al3+ ion conductivity reaches the ion conductivity region of the well-known and commercially available oxide anion conduc…
Chemical modification of argon plasma-pretreated poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) films by UV-induced graft copolymerization with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), followed by silanization with ( p -aminophenyl)trimethoxysilane (APTS), and finally oxidative graft polymerization of aniline had been carried out to ren…
The magnetic exchange interactions in the mixed-valence dodecanuclear polyoxovanadate compounds Na(4)[V(IV)(8)V(V)(4)As(III)(8)O(40)(H(2)O)].23H(2)O, Na(4)[V(IV)(8)V(V)(4)As(III)(8)O(40)(D(2)O)].16.5D(2)O, and (NHEt(3))(4)[V(IV)(8)V(V)(4)As(III)(8)O(40)(H(2)O)].H(2)O were investigated by an inelastic neutron scatterin…
The 3-hydroxypropionate cycle is a bicyclic autotrophic CO(2) fixation pathway in the phototrophic Chloroflexus aurantiacus (Bacteria), and a similar pathway is operating in autotrophic members of the Sulfolobaceae (Archaea). The proposed pathway involves in a first cycle the conversion of acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-Co…
Abstract The increased susceptibility of in‐plant recycled polyamide 6,6 toward thermooxidation was shown by headspace solid‐phase microextraction with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (HS‐SPME/GC‐MS), tensile testing, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). A c…
Abstract Cellulose membranes were obtained by solutions of cellulose being cast into a mixture of N ‐methylmorpholine‐ N ‐oxide (NMMO) and water under different processing conditions. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to investigate the surface structures of the membranes. The AFM method provided information on b…
The magnetization reversal in a sputtered ${\mathrm{Sm}}_{40}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{60}(88\mathrm{nm})/{\mathrm{Ni}}_{80}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{20}(62\mathrm{nm})$ hard/soft bilayer with induced uniaxial anisotropy was investigated by Kerr microscopy and magnetometry. In the reversible regime of the hysteresis loop a twisting of magn…
We study the influence of the dispersed aerosil particle concentration on the soft and Goldstone mode dynamics across the smectic-A-smectic-C* phase transition using dielectric spectroscopy. We use CE8 liquid crystal filled with aerosils of concentrations x=m(s)/(m(s)+m(LC))=0.025, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.15, where m(s) and…