Materials Literature
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A new class of layered materials has been prepared by alternate deposition of two dissimilar metals. Strong experimental evidence is shown that coherent structures with layer thicknesses approaching interatomic spacing can be prepared in this fashion. The experimental x-ray measurements are found to be in good qualita…
A highly precise method for locating the valence-band edge in x-ray photoemission spectra is reported. The application to measuring semiconductor interface potentials is discussed. X-ray photoemission-spectroscopy experiments on Ge and GaAs(110) crystals have given Ge $3d$, Ga $3d$, and As $3d$ core level to valence-b…
In standard multiconfigurational Hartree–Fock (MCSCF) theory, a two electron integral transformation is performed before application of the equation defining the MCSCF approach in each iterative cycle. It is shown how the two electron integral transformation may be replaced by an approximate orbital transformation int…
Molecular models are constructed for large structural units appropriate to ${\mathrm{As}}_{x}{\mathrm{S}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}({\mathrm{Se}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x})$ glasses near $x=0.4$. The models are similar to those previously constructed for ${\mathrm{Ge}}_{y}{\mathrm{S}}_{1\ensuremath{-}y}({\mathrm{Se}}_{1\ensuremath{…
The average moments and the moment disturbances of ferromagnetic Ni-Pt alloys with concentrations of 20, 30, 40, 50, 55, and 57 at.% Pt have been measured by the magnetic diffuse scattering of neutrons. The data have been analyzed with the linear superposition model of Marshall including short-range order. The data ha…
Colloidal solutions of amorphous V2O5 are used for preparing semiconducting layers. Reasons for the high measured conductivity (σ≃0.8–1.0 Ω−1 cm−1) are discussed. The temperature dependence of σ is analyzed in terms of a temperature-dependent activation-energy model based upon the assumption of a random distribution o…
Luminescent molecules near metal surfaces can have dramatically decreased quantum efficiencies and lifetimes. For example, decreases of \ensuremath{\sim}${10}^{3}$ in quantum efficiency and in lifetime occur for nitrogen atoms within 3 nm of potassium surfaces. This paper presents experimental decay curves for light e…
The problem of experimental evaluation of the complex stress intensity factors K at the apices of sharp V-notches in homogeneous, isotropic and elastic plates, symmetrically loaded in their planes, is treated by applying the experimental method of reflected caustics. The symmetry in loading and in position of the notc…
Molluscan bivalve hinge ligaments are composed of long needle-shaped aragonite crystals embedded in a protein matrix. These crystals are twinned and, in general, the twin forms a thin lamella through the center of the crystal.
Abstract Frank first became interested in dislocations through reading Taylor’s 1934 paper. He wrote to Taylor, pointing out that his model was two-dimensional, and asking if a dislocation had to be a straight line. This letter was not answered, and Frank did not think further about dislocations until he came to Brist…
According to a study carried out by Arthur D. Little, a leading firm of consultants, demand for semiconductors is expected to grow by an average of 20 per cent a year up to 1983. The report points out that the growth in sales will be due to increases in demand for electronics equipment and a marked fall in the price o…
Abstract In eutektischer Kalium‐Natriumnitratschmelze wurden stationäre Stromspannungskurven an Stahl St 37 aufgenommen. In Gegenwart von Natriumchlorid in Konzentrationen über 0,035 Mol/kg wurde Lochfraß an den passiven Stahlelektroden beobachtet. Er folgt einem kubischen Zeitgesetz.
Abstract Equations describing the sorption kinetics of asymmertric membranes composed of AB and ABC laminate slabs in finite and in semi‐infinite well‐stirred baths are presented, and some properties of these systems are discussed.
The morphology and elemental analyses of calcification occurring in Bacterionema matruchotii were studied by analytical electron microscopy. Early electron densities were found associated with metachromatic granules and cell membranes. Amorphous calcium phosphate appeared before apatite was detected.
Klebelsbergite is verified as a valid mineral species, in museum specimens from the type locality, Baia Sprie (Felscib6nya), Rumania. Klebelsbergite occurs as pale yellow to orange-yellow crystals radially grown on stibnite. Wet-chemical analysis of synthetic klebelsbergite, supported by electron microprobe analyses o…
Abstract The pressure isotherms of the ZrCr2–H system (20–200 °C, 10–700 Torr) and powder X-ray diffraction have shown the occurrence of two phases, cubic ZrCr2Hx (x<1.0) and hexagonal ZrCr2Hx (2.5<x<3.5). From the gradual change in the diffraction pattern with x, it has been concluded that sample…
An Optronics P-1700 film-writing device is used to produce simulations of disordered organic molecular crystals. The simulations may be used directly to obtain optical diffraction patterns for comparison with X-ray diffuse scattering photographs of real crystals. Examples of some substituted anthracenes are given to d…
Abstract The dependency of the mechanical properties (Young's modulus, maximum load, breaking strain, and breaking energy) of polystyrene (PS) and high‐impact polystyrene (HIPS) on the tensile deformation speeds was examined without changing the mode of deformation or the shape of the test specimen. It was found that…
A simple nondestructive method for the quantitative analysis of textile fiber blends has been sug gested. The method requires measurement of moisture regain of the blend and its component fibers. Experimental studies have been made with cotton-viscose, polyester-wool, and cotton-wool blends. For comparison, blends hav…
Out-of-pile experiments were performed with Zircaloy-4 rods in subcooled water environment to study the basic phenomena occurring in the transient cooling process undergone by a fuel rod during a reactivity-initiated accident (RIA) affecting a light water reactor (LWR). The experimental results show that the cooling p…