Materials Literature
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Success in measuring transverse sound velocity allowed us to determine, for the first time, all six elastic constants of a protein crystal. An ultrasonic pulse-echo method was used to perform sound velocity measurements on tetragonal hen egg-white (HEW) lysozyme crystals that were partially dehydrated at 42% relative…
The magnetotransport behaviors of a series of rare earth manganites with the same A-site cational mean radius and different A-site ionic radii variance (A-site disorder) are investigated. It is found that the system’s ground state transforms from ferromagnetic metal to cluster-glass insulator with increasing A-site di…
Amorphous As2S8 chalcogenide glass is shown to undergo changes in the refractive index upon exposure to ultraviolet light. This phenomenon is employed to fabricate an As2S8 stripe waveguide, which is shown to be an effective guided mode device with a useful switching functionality based on the photo-optical effect.
The dielectric permittivity of Bi7−xLaxTi4NbO21 (x=0–1.75) ceramics at ambient temperature is stable in a wide range of frequencies and can be modulated from 150 to 320 by compositional modification. With increasing La3+ content, both the phase transition temperatures downshift and the phase transition peaks become di…
The goal of this work was to compare the behaviour of a chemical vapour deposited (CVD) diamond sample, grown at the University of Florence using a local procedure, with that of a commercial CVD diamond. The comparison was performed exposing both systems to 25 MV photons and measuring the current response during irrad…
A time-resolved reflection pump-probe method was combined with a surface plasmon resonance technique in Kretschmann geometry for the investigation of ultrafast light-induced processes in thin films. Transient changes in the gold layer's reflectivity were observed when the layer was excited by 3 ps duration pulses with…
Abstract The solvent‐free melt reactions of benzotriazole (BtzH, C 6 H 4 N 2 NH) with rare earth metals result in three different types of benzotriazolate coordination polymers. Early 4f metals yield ∞ 1 [Ln(Btz) 3 (BtzH)] [Ln = Ce ( 1 ), Pr ( 2 )], from neodymium to ytterbium the type ∞ 1 [Ln(Btz) 3 {Ph(NH 2 ) 2 }] i…
The influence of Sn doping in In2O3 thin films on conductance, transmission, and granular structure has been studied. By careful control of the pulsed-laser deposition parameters, films with high optical transmittance (>85%) and low resistivity (ρ=4.1×10−4Ωcm) are grown at room temperature on polyethylene terep…
Dynamic clustering associated with self-assembly in many complex fluids can qualitatively alter the shape of phase boundaries and produce large changes in the scale of critical fluctuations that are difficult to comprehend within the existing framework of theories of critical phenomena for nonassociating fluids. In or…
Population dynamics of ${\mathrm{Ho}}^{3+}$: $^{5}\mathrm{I}_{5}$ levels doped in chalcohalide glasses were investigated through the analysis of energy transfer processes. Excitation migration $(^{5}\mathrm{I}_{5},^{5}\mathrm{I}_{8}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}^{5}\mathrm{I}_{8},^{5}\mathrm{I}_{5})$ predicted from the Dext…
Based on atomic-scale simulation techniques, we study the dislocation pinning mechanism in a dilute Ni(Al) model solid solution. For a solute concentration between 1 and 10 at.% , we found that the pinning of the dislocation on obstacles made of Al pairs is an interaction that operates significantly. The statistics of…
Abstract Fourfold 2,3,6,10‐alkoxycarbonyl‐substituted triphenylenes are synthesised in five concise steps from 4‐methylcyclohexanone by selective monoformylation of 2,6,10‐trimethyltriphenylene, followed by oxidation in aqueous dichromate solution. Their low symmetry leads to mesogenic self assembly in a columnar liqu…
We present surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) studies of DNA nucleosides using biologically benign agarose-stabilized gold nanoparticles (AAuNP). We compare the SERS activity of nucleosides with AAuNP to that of commercially obtained citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles and find the SERS activity to be an order…
Metal impurities in the carbon nanotubes and carbon nanofibers play an important role in understanding their physical and chemical properties. We apply the Ni $K$-edge x-ray absorption fine structure analyses to the local electronic and geometric structures around embedded Ni impurities used as catalysts in a carbon n…
We investigate corners and steps of interfaces in anisotropic systems. Starting from a stable planar front in a general reaction-diffusion-convection system, we show existence of almost planar interior and exterior corners. When the interface propagation is unstable in some directions, we show that small steps in the…
Mn doping in $\mathrm{GaN}$ results in the generation of deep acceptor levels in the band gap of $\mathrm{GaN}$. In the absence of any extrinsic doping, these levels are partially occupied and result in a ferromagnetic state being stabilized. In this work we show that strongly $p$-type conditions generated by the pres…
We have measured the electrical conductivity and the Young modulus of macroscopic oriented ropes containing single-walled carbon nanotubes under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. We found that UV irradiation increases both the electrical conductivity and the strength of the macroscopic bundle. These phenomena are explaine…
Carbohydrates represent one of the classes of compounds composing \ncell structures and manifesting its viability. Plant tissues contain about 80% \ncarbohydrates, whereas in animals this level does not exceed 2%. As fragments \nin the composition of nucleic acids and glycoproteids, carbohydrates represent \nthe main…
Water‐in‐oil emulsion separations are important to the petrochemical industry for product quality, safety, environmental, and economic reasons. Glass fiber filter media are often used to remove water droplets out of water‐in‐oil emulsions. The experimental results in this work show that 1% by mass of polyamide nanofib…
We report work function and conductivity measurements of the block copolymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-co-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEDOT-PEG) doped with perchlorate or para-toluenesulfonate anions. The electronic and chemical properties of doped PEDOT-PEG are discussed in the context of the hole injection for org…