Materials Literature
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Abstract To improve the barrier properties of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), PET/poly(ethylene 2,6‐naphthalate) (PEN) blends with different concentrations of PEN were prepared and were then processed into biaxially oriented PET/PEN films. The air permeability of bioriented films of pure PET, pure PEN, and PET/PEN…
Periodic zinc oxide rod arrays were fabricated on patterned templates by electrochemical deposition and were employed as field emitters. The morphology and crystal structure of the zinc oxide array were examined by scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction, respectively. The dependence of the field emission c…
We have created a thermionic cathode structure that consists of a thin tungsten ribbon, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the ribbon surface, and a thin layer of low work function barium strontium oxide coating on the CNTs. This oxide coated CNT cathode was designed to combine the benefits from the high field enhancement fac…
Carbon nanotube (CNT) has a potential to be used as nanoscale transmission lines and as high-performance passive components in nanoelectronics. In this letter, we discuss single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) that were grown using a chemical-vapor deposition technique. Both the dc and ac two-terminal resistances were…
We report the measurements of conductivity, I-V curve, and magnetoresistance of a single Au/polyaniline microfiber with a core-shell structure, on which a pair of platinum microleads was attached by focused ion beam. The Au/polyaniline microfiber shows a much higher conductivity (∼110S∕cm at 300K) and a much weaker te…
By using the scattering matrix method, we investigate the thermal conductance in a double-stub quantum wire at low temperatures. The coupling effects between two stubs are analyzed in detail. It is found that the quantum structures exhibit oscillatory decaying thermal conductance with the width between two stubs at lo…
Using photon-in photon-out soft x-ray spectroscopy, the electronic structure of silicon nanoclusters embedded in an electrically insulating SiO2 host matrix is investigated as a function of nanocluster size. We find the nanoclusters to be of a core-shell structure with a crystalline Si core and a thin transition layer…
Molecular dynamics simulations have been used to investigate the thermodynamic melting point of the crystalline nitromethane, the melting mechanism of superheated crystalline nitromethane, and the physical properties of crystalline and glassy nitromethane. The maximum superheating and glass transition temperatures of…
Background: The transition to a hydrogen fuel economy is hindered by the lack of a practical storage method and concerns associated with its safe handling. Chemical hydrides have the potential to address these concerns. Sodium borohydride (sodium tetrahydroborate, NaBH4), is the most attractive chemical hydride for H2…
We assess the relative importance of spatial congestion and lowered temperature in the slowing dynamics of supercooled glycerol near the glass transition. We independently vary both volume V and temperature T by applying high pressure and monitor the dynamics by measuring the dielectric susceptibility. Our results dem…
A possibility to realize an isotropic left handed material up to optical frequencies is theoretically investigated. The proposed homogeneous structure consists of dielectric spheres embedded randomly in a negative permittivity host medium. While the effective permittivity of the structure is negative over a wide frequ…
Using high-resolution atomic force microscopy, we have shown extremely high stability of linear ferroelectric domains in epitaxial PbZr0.2Ti0.8O3 thin films heated up to 735°C, a significant advantage for technological applications. An elevated transition temperature ∼785°C is observed even in relatively thick (91nm)…
In a contact-density chain-growth study we investigate the solubility-temperature pseudophase diagram of a lattice polymer in a cavity with an attractive surface. In addition to the main phases of adsorbed and desorbed conformations we find numerous subphases of collapsed and expanded structures.
Infrared (IR) spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and dielectric spectroscopy methods were employed to study structural and dynamic changes in the tannic acid (TA)-stabilized pericardium tissue. Chemically stabilized pericardium tissue is widely used in construction of the tissue derived bioprostheses. IR spe…
Samples made of an isotropically oriented ensemble of atomic clusters or structures that are not large crystals (i.e. extended less than 10 periods in each direction) are at the frontier of today's material science and chemistry. Examples are nanoparticles, nanotubes, amorphous matter, polymers, and macromolecules in…
In this article, we demonstrate that a subwavelength metal slit surrounded by dielectric surface gratings possesses a directional beaming effect. We propose a surface plasmon diffraction scheme to explain the three kinds of beaming conditions. The numerical simulations of the illustrative structures undertaken used a…
We have investigated the charge dynamics of ${\mathrm{VO}}_{2}$ by optical reflectivity measurements. Optical conductivity clearly shows a metal-insulator transition. In the metallic phase, a broad Drude-like structure is observed. On the other hand, in the insulating phase, a broad peak structure around $1.3\phantom{…
Metal-semiconductor core-shell nanostructures have been synthesized to explore the influence of metal nanostructures on the photoluminescence of semiconductors. Up to 40 times enhancement in the emission intensity was observed in the Au–CdS core-shell nanostructures. The mechanism where the excited electrons on Au sur…
ZnS nanowires with periodically alternating twins along the growth direction of wires have been synthesized via a thermal evaporation method. Structural characterizations reveal that both sphalerite (cubic) and wurtzite (hexagonal) phases coexist in the synthesized nanowires. The periodically twinned ZnS nanowires are…
High-level ab initio molecular-orbital methods have been employed to determine the relative stability among four neutral and anionic B20 isomers, particularly the double-ring tubular isomer versus three low-lying planar isomers. Calculations with the fourth-order Moller-Plessset perturbation theory [MP4(SDQ)] and Dunn…