Materials Literature
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Welded conducting polymer nanofibers (see Figure) with rapid electrochromic switching speeds have been prepared by electrospinning a soluble precursor polymer with pendant heterocycles into nanofibers which are subsequently crosslinked via solid-state oxidative crosslinking. The switching speeds between the oxidized a…
Recent experimental findings suggest that the bulk modulus of osmium is comparable to that of diamond. From first principles calculations we examine the compressibility of diamond, Os, OsC, OsN, and $\mathrm{Os}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ as well as cubic BN under pressure. We show that Os, OsC, and OsN in the hexagonal structu…
Amorphous CaCO3 (ACC) is stabilized by the presence of phytic acid, a natural inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6). Micrometer-sized hollow spheres of ACC have been obtained (see Figure). The spheres are stable for at least three months in solution, which is equivalent to that described for more complex special biopolymers…
A uniplanar transmission-line (TL) network has been loaded with lumped elements (chip or printed), enabling one to achieve a two-dimensional (2D) uniplanar negative-refractive-index (NRI) metamaterial. The metamaterial consists of a 2D array of unit cells, composed of TL sections connected in series and loaded in a sp…
We report on the effect of electron-phonon coupling on quantum transport in carbon nanotubes. The vibrational atomic displacements as well as the electron-phonon coupling strength are introduced through a time-dependent perturbation of the pi-electron Hamiltonian. The effect of dephasing on the Kubo conductance is stu…
First-principles calculations are used in order to investigate phonon anomalies in nonmagnetic and magnetic Heusler alloys. Phonon dispersions for several systems in their cubic $L{2}_{1}$ structure were obtained along the [110] direction. We consider compounds that exhibit phonon instabilities and compare them with t…
Charged pattern formation on the surfaces of self--assembled cylindrical micelles formed from oppositely charged heterogeneous molecules such as cationic and anionic peptide amphiphiles is investigated. The net incompatibility $χ$ among different components results in the formation of segregated domains, whose growth…
The use of magnetic nanowires as memory units is made possible by the exponential divergence of the characteristic time for magnetization reversal at low temperature, but the slow relaxation makes the manipulation of the frozen magnetic states difficult. We suggest that finite-size segments can show a fast switching i…
An unusually large magnetocaloric effect for the temperature region below 10 K is found for the Fe14 molecular nanomagnet. This is to large extent caused by its extremely large spin S ground state combined with an excess of entropy arising from the presence of low-lying excited S states. We also show that the highly s…
We study three regimes of the Mott transitions characterized by classical, marginally quantum, and quantum. In the classical regime, the quantum degeneracy temperature is lower than the critical temperature of the Mott transition ${T}_{c}$, below which the first-order transition occurs. The quantum regime describes th…
The definition of the fundamental quantity, the chemical potential, is badly confused in the literature: there are at least three distinct definitions in various books and papers. While they all give the same result in the thermodynamic limit, major differences between them can occur for finite systems, in anomalous c…
We have used density-functional theory to investigate (111), (110), (210), (211), (100), and (310) surfaces of ceria (CeO2). Compared with previous interatomic-potential-based studies, our calculations reported a slightly different relative stability ordering and significantly lower surface energies for the stoichiome…
We investigate the magnetic resonance of split-ring resonators (SRR) experimentally and numerically. The dependence of the geometrical parameters on the magnetic resonance frequency of SRR is studied. We further investigate the effect of lumped capacitors integrated to the SRR on the magnetic resonance frequency for t…
Biological systems are known to be highly transparent to 700- to 1,100-nm near-infrared (NIR) light. It is shown here that the strong optical absorbance of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) in this special spectral window, an intrinsic property of SWNTs, can be used for optical stimulation of nanotubes inside liv…
Radiation damage prevents the ability to obtain images from individual molecules. We suggest that this problem can be avoided for organic molecules by placing them in close proximity with a metallic surface. The molecules will then quickly dissipate any electronic excitation via their coupling to the metal surface. Th…
Kinetics of metastable systems modeled by Hamiltonians containing nonlocal and nonconservative terms is reproduced by the Fokker-Planck and imaginary time Schrodinger equation scheme with subsequent symplectic integration. Example solutions for ergodicity breaking in ferroelectrics reassure the H-theorem of global sta…
Abstract New organogelator, N,N′-bis(3,4,5-tridodecyloxy)benzoylurea (1), gelled organic liquid such as alcohol, hydrocabons, ethyl acetate, salad oil, terpenes, and essential and perfume oil at low concentration of gelator. The terpene and perfume gels show good release of the volatile components for a long time.
Abstract New green-emitting Gd2O2CO3:xTb3+ fine particles were synthesized by a flux method using the 0.476Li2CO3–0.270Na2CO3–0.254K2CO3 eutectic mixture. The emission intensity of the Gd2O2CO3:16.9 atom %Tb3+ phosphor was equivalent to that of the commercial LaPO4:Ce3+,Tb3+, in spite that the size was apparently smal…
Bismuth (Bi) nanowires are interesting one-dimensional systems due to the significant quantum confinement effects exhibited as a function of the wire diameters, and synthesizing Bi nanowires with sizes below 20 nm is of fundamental importance in understanding quantum effects. Here, we report a bulk synthesis method to…
The crystal structure of hydrochlorothiazide form II, C7H8ClN3O4S2, was solved by simulated annealing from laboratory X-ray powder diffraction data collected at room temperature to 1.76 Å resolution. Subsequent Rietveld refinement yielded an Rwp of 0.0376 to 1.49 Å resolution. The molecules crystallize in the space…