Materials Literature
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Abstract In experimental sciences, recorded data are often modelled as the noisy convolution product of an instrumental response with the ‘true’ signal. High‐resolution electron energy‐loss spectroscopy (HREELS) and x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) constitute two examples of this. A series of three papers is pro…
Epiphytic diatom flora on bryophytes of the genus Sphagnum was studied at 32 sites. Low species richness, altogether 15 diatom species, corresponds with very low pH at all sites. Eunotia paludosa, Eunotia exigua, Pinnularia rupestris and P. subcapitata were the most frequent species. Caloneis aerophila from the rock f…
Abstract The ESR spectrum of a spin-probe in 2-propanol, which was condensed into the nano-channel of MCM-41 from its vapor, showed three well-separated nitrogen hyperfine lines. This observation indicates that the system exists in the liquid state in the nano-channel, though the rotational diffusion of the spin probe…
Solid solution crystals of ternary 1:1 (PbSc1/2Ta1/2O3-PbSc1/2Nb1/2O3) and 1:2 (PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3-PbSc1/2Nb1/2O3) perovskites were grown from the flux. X-ray supercell reflections due to B-cation ordering were observed for as-grown crystals. The same regularities of cation ordering during the crystal growth were found to…
The corrosion behaviour of an epoxy-polyamide primer applied on galvanized steel specimens during immersion in 3% NaCl aqueous solution was examined by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The investigation of both intact and defective coatings allowed for the comparison of their electrochemical behaviours in…
The electrochemical performance of single wall carbon nanotube (SWNT)/Nafion composite electrodes were studied in sulfuric acid solutions. Electrochemical oxidation of the highly dispersed SWNTs within the Nafion matrix results in a dramatic morphological change in the SWNTs. As evidenced by transmission electron micr…
For the molten Na2O-SiO2-Al2O3 system, the distributions of Al3+ ions in the various complex anions and the interconnected relations between the Si tetrahedra and Al tetrahedra consisted of the complex anions have been studied by molecular dynamics simulation and Raman spectroscopy. From the interconnected relations b…
Porous silicon (PS) has great potential in optical applications due to its tunable refractive index. In particular, multilayer structures consisting of alternating PS layers with different refractive indexes can be used as interference filters for applications in optoelectronics. In the present work, Rutherford backsc…
Abstract Previous studies of boric acid powder suggest that the surface undergoes restructuring when exposed to changes in relative humidity of the surrounding air. This present work investigates these surface changes using atomic force microscopy (AFM) to provide quantitative topographic information, supplemented by…
This study reports the synthesis of the 5,15-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-10,20-bis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (BBP) moiety, and its versatile self-assembly into multiporphyrin hydrogen-bonding ‘polymers’ in four different reaction and crystallization conditions. In two cases the polymers are sustained by characteristic interm…
The purpose of this research was to develop practical care procedures to help maintain the protective quality of flame resistant workwear laundered by workers in the field. Based on observed field conditions, experiments were conducted that simulated domestic laundry procedures. The first experiment involved two flame…
This paper presents a ferroresonant experience involving inductive voltage transformers (VTs) in a 400 kV substation. The origin of the phenomena, the conditions under it may become sustained and its effects on plant equipment are discussed. A very comprehensive analysis is performed using time domain simulations with…
The stress-driven grain boundary diffusion problem is a continuum model of mass transport phenomena in microelectronic circuits due to high current densities (electromigration) and gradients in normal stress along grain boundaries. The model involves coupling many different equations and phenomena, and difficulties su…
The evolution of the structure of zinc-substituted nickel hydroxides (α or β phases) during ageing in the KOH electrolytic medium was studied. The ageing leads to β-phases that contain zinc ions in tetrahedral sites of the interslab space, as shown by the EXAFS study. These interslab zinc ions entail in the aged mater…
Two kinds of solidification paths from Y3Al5O12 melt has been reported; one is stable Y3Al5O12 (YAG) garnet, the other is metastable YAlO3 perovskite (YAP) and subsequent YAP+Al2O3 eutectic. The reason for this, however, has been puzzled. The effect of cooling rate on this phase selection was addressed under container…
The photoluminescence (PL) around the wavelength of 1.54 μm from the Er-containing ZnO specimens was measured at room temperature by the indirect excitation of the He-Cd laser (325 nm). The PL intensity varied greatly with the Er concentration and the specimen preparation conditions as well. The specimens with the Er…
We investigate the effect of changing the molecular dipole strength on the liquid crystal phases formed in a system of tapered Gay-Berne particles with an axial dipole. We show that increasing the strength of the dipole has a profound effect on the stability and molecular organisation of the phases and eventually dest…
The production of uranium nitride fuel depends upon a qualified and controlled method for obtaining a final fuel form. The final fuel form must have the desired properties, fuel density, fuel chemistry (X/U ratio), and impurity levels. These properties must be maintained throughout the entire fuel fabrication process…
Synthetic Mg/Zn/Al -hydrotalcites with atomic ratios of 6:0:2, 4:2:2, 2:4:2 and 0:6:2 were characterized by FT-Raman and FT-IR spectroscopy. ‘Al--OH’ IR translation modes are observed at 419, 427, 559, 616 and 771 cm −1 with two corresponding Raman bands at 465–477 and 547–553 cm −1 . ‘Mg--OH’ IR translation modes are…
One of the best ways to combat chrome pollution is to avoid chromium itself in tanning. With this view, a chrome-free combination tanning system has been established using aluminium, tannic acid, a precursor to vegetable tannins and silica. Since tannic acid has low molecular weight compared to vegetable tannins, it c…