Materials Literature
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A majority of nonceramic insulator (NCI) application is under relatively clean conditions where leakage current may be nonexistent. Occurrence of corona for long periods of time on NCI operating under relatively clean conditions is possible due to localized high electric field (E-field) brought about by design and man…
In this article, the separation between reversible and irreversible polarization where the reversible polarization component is determined by capacitance–voltage curve measurements, is used to characterize ferroelectric materials. After giving a thorough foundation of the method, it is used to investigate the influenc…
Abstract Polysulfone (PSF) membranes were treated with ozone to introduce peroxides, and then grafted with either acrylic acid or chitosan, followed by the immobilization of heparin. The effect of spacer arm on blood compatibility was investigated using three chitosans of different molecular weight [1170 (water solubl…
Electrochemically induced strain and actuation in a polypyrrole/Au/polyimide laminate was measured using a sensitive strain gage during oxidation and reduction (redox) of polypyrrole−ClO 4 - . The polyimide formed the top layer of the strain gage, allowing direct measurement of strain during redox switching in various…
The effects of an antioxidant additive on polymer morphology and space charge formation have been investigated, as a function of temperature, in melt-quenched films of low-density polyethylene. On quenching, the additive-free polymer crystallizes to give extensive spherulitic structures; similar objects are not seen i…
Comparison of the observed far-infrared (FIR) spectrum of Cl - -containing hydrotalcite, [Mg 3 Al(OH) 8 ]Cl·3H 2 O, to a power spectrum calculated using molecular dynamics (MD) computer simulation, provides a greatly increased understanding of the structure and vibrational dynamics in the interlayers of layered double…
MoK X-radiation. No superstructure reflections were observed. Viewed down [001], the aluminosilicate tetrahedra occur at the vertices of a 63 net in which there are two distinct types of six-membered rings of tetrahedra: one quarter are nearly regular hexagonal rings centered on (0, 0, z), whereas the other three-quar…
Biodegradable polymers, such as poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(lactic-coglycolic acid) (PLGA), are attractive materials for tissue engineering because of their degradative and mechanical properties, which permit scaffolds to be tailored to the individual requirements of different tissues. Although these materials su…
An intrinsic fiber-optic chemical sensor is developed by replacing a certain portion of the original cladding with a chemically sensitive material, specifically, polyaniline. Both the light absorption coefficient and the refractive index of the polymer change upon its exposure to different chemical vapors. These chang…
Abstract We review our recent work on polymeric latex particles having a well‐defined surface of grafted polymers. Two types of particles are discussed: i) particles with a thermosensitive shell, and ii) particles bearing a dense layer of linear polyelectrolyte chains on their surface (“spherical polyelectrolyte brush…
Summary Using chemical scale inhibitors is one of the most common methods of preventing downhole and topside mineral scale formation in oil fields. Several aspects of the brine composition may affect the performance of the various scale inhibitors. In this paper, we focus on the roles of calcium and magnesium ion conc…
Bubbles are familiar from daily life and occupy an important role in physics, chemistry, medicine, and technology. Nevertheless, their behavior is often surprising and unexpected—and, in many cases, still not understood.
This paper reports the development of a low-cost uncooled infrared microbolometer detector using a commercial 0.8 /spl mu/m CMOS process, where the CMOS n-well layer is used as the infrared sensitive material. The n-well is suspended by front-end bulk-micromachining of the fabricated CMOS dies using electrochemical et…
Abstract A series of polylactides (PLA) with different stereo sequences are prepared by the copolymerization of L ‐lactide and DL ‐lactide. It is confirmed that the glass transition temperature ( T g ) of the PLA decreases with decreasing optical purity of the lactate units (%ee) according to the Fox's equation. Analy…
The effectiveness of monazite (LaPO 4 ) in providing an oxidation‐resistant weak fiber/matrix interface was evaluated in a fiber roving/thin coating/ceramic‐matrix composite with >20% fiber volume fraction. Nextel™ 610/monazite/alumina composites were fabricated and tensile tested after isothermal exposures of up t…
The diatom genus Toxarium Bailey has been treated as a pennate because of its elongate shape and benthic lifestyle (it grows attached to solid substrata in the marine sublittoral). Yet its valve face lacks all structures that would ally it with the pennates, such as apical labiate processes, a midrib (sternum) subtend…
A marine bacterium, Saprospira sp. SS98-5, which was isolated from Kagoshima Bay, Japan, was able to kill and lyse the cells of the diatom Chaetoceros ceratosporum. The multicellular filamentous cells of this bacterium captured the diatom cells, formed cell aggregates, and lysed them in an enriched sea water (ESS) liq…
Abstract Hydrotalcite-like layered double hydroxides (LDH), of the formulation M 2 Al(OH) 6 (CO 3 ) 0.5 .H 2 O, where M = Mg, Zn, Co, Ni, have been prepared, the products characterized and their solubility products measured at ionic strengths of 0.0065 and 0.0128 M and at 25°C. Steady-state solubility was reached afte…
Cellulase Cel5A from alkalophilic Bacillus sp. 1139 contains a family 17 carbohydrate-binding module (BspCBM17) and a family 28 CBM (BspCBM28) in tandem. The two modules have significantly similar amino acid sequences, but amino acid residues essential for binding are not conserved. BspCBM28 was obtained as a discrete…
We report the production and characterization of polymer nanocomposites with single-walled carbon nanotubes having improved mechanical properties and exceptional nanotube alignment. High-pressure carbon monoxide nanotubes (HiPco) were efficiently distributed in polystyrene (PS) and polyethylene (PE) with a twin-screw…