Materials Literature
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In this paper, the consistency of kilovoltage (tube potentials between 40 and 300 kV) x-ray beam dosimetry using the "in-air" method and the in-phantom measurement has been studied. The procedures for the measurement of the central-axis depth-dose curve, which serve as a link between the dose at the reference depth to…
A theoretical model for the metal hydride electrode has been developed assuming that hydrogen diffusion in the alloy and charge‐transfer at the surface control the discharge process. Theoretical equations for the dependence of equilibrium potential and exchange current density on the surface hydrogen concentration hav…
Synopsis The penetration of chemical reagents through human hair after bleaching has been spatially characterized using infrared microspectroscopy (IMS) with a synchrotron source. Chemical imaging of hair cross sections before and after bleaching was achieved with high contrast, using the peptide and lipid mid‐infrare…
An oxalic acid-based system for chemically retting flax is tested and compared with enzymatic retting. The retting effect is substantially higher at pH 10 and 11 than at lower pH levels, and the optimal oxalic acid concentration is 50 mmol. The presence of the strong detergent sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) further enha…
We report a study of the specific heat, resistivity, and magnetization of ${\mathrm{La}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{x}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{x}$ for $x=0.47,$ 0.5, 0.53 with and without an applied magnetic field. In zero (earth) field we find that the charge-ordered materials $(x=0.5,0.53)$ have extra entropy of nonmag…
Other| December 01, 1998 Complete substitution of Si for Ti in titanite Ca(Ti (sub 1-x) Si x ) vi Si iv O 5 R. Knoche; R. Knoche Universitaet Bayreuth, Bayerisches Geoinstitut, Bayreuth, Federal Republic of Germany Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Ross J. Angel; Ross J. Angel Search for oth…
We present the concept and recent developments of spin-polarized low energy electron microscopy. A detailed discussion addresses the questions of magnetic resolution and the image acquisition rate. Examples of recent experiments illustrating the possibilities of the present instrumental setup are given.
Microscopic lipid tubules with an average aspect ratio (length/diameter) of approximately 12 were metallized electrolessly with copper or nickel-over-copper, and mixed with vinyl to make foot-square composite dielectric panels. As loadings increased the metal tubule composites displayed an onset of electrical percolat…
The effects of the local dielectric environment on the surface-plasmon resonances of annealed gold-island films as a potential for sensing applications are studied experimentally and modeled theoretically. Gold-island films were annealed at 600 degrees C to produce spheroidal shape particles that exhibit well-resolved…
An isotopic pulse is combined with a gas chromatography−mass spectrum to investigate the mechanism of the partial oxidation of methane. For a pulse reaction of CH 4 /CD 4 /O 2 (1/1/1) at 600 °C over a reduced NiO/SiO 2 catalyst, besides CH 4 and CD 4, large amounts of CHD 3, CH 2 D 2, and CH 3 D were detected in the e…
The effect of a small amount of alloyed Zn (up to 0.13%) on metastable pitting of Al was studied in terms of pit nucleation, propagation, and repassivation in an effort to clarify the mechanism of pitting corrosion of Al. The passive current in 0.5 M sodium chloride (NaCl) was increased by alloyed Zn, but there was no…
Internal friction experiments were conducted on three SiC polycrystalline materials with different microstructural characteristics. Characterizations of grain‐boundary structures were performed by high‐resolution electron microscopy (HREM). Observations revealed a common glass‐film structure at grain boundaries of two…
The grafting of polystyrene with controlled molecular weight and narrow molecular weight distribution onto the carbon black surface through the trapping of polymer radicals formed by the thermal dissociation of 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy (TEMPO)-terminated polystyrene (PSt-TEMPO) by the carbon black surface…
A variety of colloidal and polymeric sols, some doped with transition‐metal oxides, were investigated as potential precursors to calcium hexaluminate (CaAl 12 O 19 ) in an attempt to enhance reactivity and lower the formation and texturing temperatures of phase‐pure powders and films. One undoped polymeric sol was fou…
Covalent end-on grafting of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) onto a polysulfone (PSf) surface using α-4-azidobenzoyl-ω-methoxy-PEG (ABMPEG) is described. Photoreactive ABMPEG was synthesized by reacting monomethoxy-PEG (MPEG) with 4-azidobenzoyl chloride, yielding complete substitution of the hydroxyl groups. After adsorpt…
New polythiophene derivatives containing a nonlinear optical chromophore were prepared via copolymerization of 3-alkylthiophene and 2-[ N -ethyl- N -[4-[(4-nitrophenyl)azo]phenyl]amino]ethyl 3-thienylacetate. The presence of chromophore groups in the copolymer chain was confirmed by 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, and FTIR spectro…
Subsolidus phase relationships in the Ga 2 O 3 –In 2 O 3 –SnO 2 system were studied by X‐ray diffraction over the temperature range 1250–1400°C. At 1250°C, several phases are stable in the ternary system, including Ga 2 O 3 ( ss ), In 2 O 3 ( ss ), SnO 2 , Ga 3− x In 5+ x Sn 2 O 16 , and several intergrowth phases tha…
Single crystals of (Pro-Pro-Gly)10 were grown by the hanging drop method. The crystals diffracted to a resolution of 1.8 A. In the crystals the polypeptides form triple helices that aggregate end-to-end mediated by the solvent molecules, with the basic repeat being 20 A along the helical axis. Analysis of the 20 A str…
The effects of mixed solvents used for casting films of diblock copolymer/homopolymer blends of poly(dimethylsiloxane)- co -polystyrene/polystyrene have been studied in detail at the surface of the films. The surface composition was determined over a wide range of detection depths using data from various spectroscopic…
The water-soluble conducting copolymer of poly(aniline-co-o-aminobenzenesulfonic acid) (PAOABSA) was synthesized directly from aniline and o-aminobenzenesulfonic acid and characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR, UV–Vis, X-ray powder diffraction, and XPS. The room-temperature conductivity of the copolymer can be chan…