Materials Literature
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A scaleable perfusion bioreactor has been developed for tissue engineering of small diameter arterial constructs. This modular bioreactor allows for dynamic sequential seeding of smooth muscle and endothelial cells, biomechanical stimulation of cells during culture, and monitoring of tissue growth and maturation. Bovi…
There is abundant experimental and theoretical evidence of the fact that the primary optical excitation in conjugated polymers is a singlet exciton with a binding energy of typically 0.5 eV. In the absence of excess photon energy, free or geminately bound charge carriers (polarons) have to be generated from relaxed ex…
The commercial value of a quantity of yarn depends on two things, the length and the fineness. This article describes how practical methods of measuring these quantities led to systems of units that were noteworthy mainly for their profusion and complexity. The story covers the period from 1600 to the present day, and…
On the basis of the model of non-equilibrium grain boundary segregation induced by tensile stress, a set of kinetic equations is derived to formulate this process. These kinetic equations allow excellent simulation of the grain boundary segregation of phosphorus and sulphur observed in steels subjected to low tensile…
Theoretically predicted and experimentally observed infraredinduced second-harmonic generation of glasses in the mid-infrared spectral region can be described by fifth-order nonlinear optical susceptibility. The effect is observed in the mid-IR region when the value of the electronic energy gap is comparable to the en…
We have simulated and constructed a one-dimensional metamaterial composed of a periodically loaded transmission line that exhibits both negative and positive group velocities in a band of effective negative index of refraction. The negative group velocity or, equivalently, the negative group delay, is demonstrated the…
We report on the structural, frequency dependent ac susceptibility, dc magnetization and magnetoresistance (MR) measurements on polycrystalline samples of La0.86Ca0.14Mn1-yCryO3(y = 0, 0.1 and 0.2) prepared by sol-gel technique. For y = 0, a paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition was observed at TC = 185 K. For y =…
Automation, in situ monitoring, and process control tools are implemented to understand and control the crystallization of an active pharmaceutical ingredient in development. As a first step in the study, the metastable zone is generated automatically by linking a laser backscattering probe to an automated laboratory…
Magnesium is considered the principal modifier of calcite morphology in many natural environments. However, the physical mechanism by which magnesium alters the external form of calcite has remained controversial due to a lack of direct experimental insight. Here we use in situ AFM observations of step dynamics and gr…
Poly-L-lactide (PLLA) is one of the most significant members of a group of polymers regarded as bioresorbable. The degradation of PLLA proceeds through hydrolysis of the ester linkages in the polymer's backbone; however, the time for the complete resorption of orthopaedic devices manufactured from PLLA is known to be…
We consider the electromagnetic propagation in two-dimensional photonic crystals, formed by parallel dielectric cylinders embedded a uniform medium. The frequency band structure is computed using the standard plane-wave expansion method, and the corresponding eigne-modes are obtained subsequently. The optical flows of…
Cr K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectra were recorded for silicate glasses of various compositions in the system CaO + MgO + Al 2 O 3 + SiO 2 ± TiO 2 , quenched from melts equilibrated as a function of oxygen fugacity (f O₂ ) at 1400 °C. The spectra vary systematically with fO 2 (logf O₂ ∼ 0 to…
This review presents molecular targeting approaches in anticancer drug delivery systems (DDS) and identifies new developments in these systems. Targeting approaches include passive targeting (enhanced permeability and retention effect), targeting specific tumor conditions, topical delivery and active targeting, namely…
Poly-L-lactide (PLLA) is one of the most significant members of a group of polymers regarded as bioresorbable. The degradation of PLLA proceeds through hydrolysis of the ester linkage in the polymer's backbone and is influenced by the polymer's initial molecular weight and degree of crystallinity. To evaluate its degr…
We have systematically investigated the production of “nanoemulsions,” droplets of one liquid phase in another immiscible liquid phase that have diameters less than 100 nm. Our approach relies on a combination of extreme shear due to multipass, high‐pressure microfluidic injection and systematic control of the emulsio…
Abstract Magnesium alloys show a high specific strength and are therefore increasingly used for light‐weight constructions in transportation industry. [1,2] To predict the behaviour of the material under the influence of cyclic loading it is vital to understand the fatigue behaviour of magnesium alloys. Only when unde…
Electrospinning has recently been developed as an efficient technique to develop polymeric nanofibres. Various synthetic and natural biodegradable polymers have been electrospun into fibres with diameters in the nanometre range (< 1 microm). The fibre diameter, structure and physical properties of the nanofibre matric…
Pb(Zn 1/3 Nb 2/3 ) 0.20 (Zr 0.50 Ti 0.50 ) 0.80 O 3 ceramics of pure perovskite structure were prepared by the two‐stage method with the addition of 0–3.0 wt% MnO 2 and their piezoelectric properties were investigated systematically. The MnO 2 addition influences in a pronounced way both the crystal structure and the…
The highly anisotropic material CsBi(4)Te(6) was prepared by the reaction of Cs/Bi(2)Te(3) around 600 degrees C. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/m with a = 51.9205(8) A, b = 4.4025(1) A, c = 14.5118(3) A, beta = 101.480(1) degrees, V = 3250.75(11) A(3), and Z = 8. The final R values are R(1)…
Shape memory alloys (SMAs) are a class of materials that have unique properties, including Young's modulus-temperature relations, shape memory effects, superelastic effects, and high damping characteristics. These unique properties, which have led to numerous applications in the biomedical and aerospace industries, ar…