Materials Literature
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Abstract Austenitic stainless steels can become susceptible to intergranular corrosion due to inappropriate heat treatments. Therefore the potentiostatic Electrochemical Reactivation Test (ERT) has been developed at the Department of Ferrous Metallurgy of Aachen University. This electrochemical test method is fast, no…
Abstract Binary corrosion inhibitors consist of two components that are mixed on-site prior to application. The two components when applied to the metal surface produce high performance, extended-life films. Commercial inhibitors have been developed for oil producing pumping wells and hot gas wells several years ago t…
Abstract In general, the hydrocarbon transporting pipelines are protected against external corrosion using coatings and with cathodic protection systems. However, even with this protection, there have been some failures due to external corrosion. The soil and environmental factors can be very important, because they m…
Abstract This paper covers the execution of a series of field tests at gas well locations in the Netherlands. The objectives were to determine to what flow velocity the gas production can be increased without jeopardizing the integrity of the surface facilities and to establish the optimum corrosion inhibitor injectio…
Abstract In the oil and gas production environments, the corrosivity of produced water depends on the nature of the dissolved substances. The mitigation of corrosion of carbon steel in the presence of CO2, H2S and elemental sulfur was investigated in this study. Laboratory autoclave tests were conducted to study the e…
6-(2-Cyanoethylamino)-6-deoxycellulose (Cell-CEA) as a novel cellulose derivative was prepared from 6-bromo-6-deoxycellulose. The influence of the reaction conditions on the degree of substitution was studied in detail. The dielectric characteristics of a Cell-CEA sample having degree of substitution of 0.86, together…
Abstract A general model for predicting the occurrence of localized corrosion in chemical process streams is described. The model predicts the repassivation and corrosion potentials based on input chemistry of a system. The model predictions are compared to experimental data. Initial data from a validation study using…
Abstract We investigated several steels containing up to 5% chromium (Cr) with respect to their carbon dioxide (CO2) corrosion resistance in oil and gas environments. Steels containing 3% or more Cr showed improved corrosion performance compared to Cr free steels in a wet CO2 environment. This phenomenon was made clea…
Abstract This paper presents an overview of the continuing critical problem of corrosion under thermal insulation and also corrosion under fireproofing. Fireproofing (or fire resistant coatings) are applied to thermally protect structural steel and vessels in the event of a fire. Specifically the fire protective mater…
Abstract The corrosion behavior of super 13Cr stainless steels in completion fluids was investigated using well components(tubing, blast joint, sliding sleeve device and packer mandrel) retrieved from Resak A-6 well in Malaysia. The environment that caused the cracking in the Resak A-6 well was CaCl2 brine (completion…
Abstract This work is a comprehensive study of microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) of carbon steel in soil environments, induced by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). Four experimental phases were involved in this research: (1) field study, (2) anaerobic corrosion study, (3) localized corrosion study, (4) mathe…
Abstract Chemical additives play an important role in oil production. Chemicals are used to enhance oil production, control corrosion, prevent wax or paraffin deposition, enhance the flow characteristics of the crude oils, aid in water separation, etc. However, oil field chemicals are often suspected of causing divers…
Processing conditions were designed to produce alloys 718 (UNS N07718), 725 / 725HS (UNS N07725), and 925 (UNS N09925) with essentially clean grain boundaries, partial coverage of grain boundaries by the precipitates, and full coverage of grain boundaries by the precipitates. Grain boundary precipitates were found to…
Abstract Wet gas corrosion rates of C1018 and X65 steel have been measured at the top and bottom of a high pressure, 10 cm diameter horizontal pipeline under stratified flow conditions with different chloride (Cl-) concentrations. Experiments were performed for 200 hours at 90°C, CO2 partial pressure of 3.8 bar using…
Abstract The development and production of low carbon Cr-containing steels with superior resistance to CO2 corrosion for downhole production applications is presented in this paper. It covers the outcome of an extensive and systematic development programme focusing on metallurgical conditioning and micro-alloying addi…
Large values of Born effective charges are generally considered as reliable indicators of the genuine tendency of an insulator towards ferroelectric instability. However, these quantities can be very much influenced by strong electron correlation and metallic behavior, which are not exclusive properties of ferroelectr…
'Colossal magnetoresistance' in perovskite manganites such as La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 (LCMO), is caused by the interplay of ferro-paramagnetic, metal-insulator and structural phase transitions. Moreover, different electronic phases can coexist on a very fine scale resulting in percolative electron transport. Here we report on…
The reason for the low time-step accuracy of the previously developed approximate backward-difference solution of the Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert (LLG) equation was found, and improved methods were developed. The improvement was carried out in two steps: correction of the expansion coefficients for the first-order backwar…
Effects of Ni-substitution in Mn–Zn ferrites on power losses and electromagnetic properties have been studied. When NiO was substituted for MnO in the range from 0 to 8 mol%, lattice constants decreased gradually due to the smaller ionic radius of Ni ions. NiO substitution lowered the initial permeability and increase…
Possibility of upscaling for single bubble sonoluminescence by reducing the driving frequency was tested experimentally. The maximum bubble radius and the expansion ratio obtained from an air bubble at a driving frequency of 12.926 kHz and driving amplitude of 1.33 atm at a water temperature of 23.5°C are considerably…