Materials Literature
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Carrier concentration dependence of the thermoelectric figure of merit, ZT of SrTiO3 at high-temperature (1000 K) is clarified using heavily Nb-doped SrTiO3 epitaxial films, which were grown on insulating (100)-oriented LaAlO3 single-crystalline substrates by a pulsed-laser deposition method. Carrier concentration, Ha…
Originally published in 2005, this book covers the closely related techniques of electron microprobe analysis (EMPA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) specifically from a geological viewpoint. Topics discussed include: principles of electron-target interactions, electron beam instrumentation, X-ray spectrometry,…
Polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) films serve as the basis for a variety of high-efficiency electro-optical effects. In the most general sense, as PDLC materials consists of micron-sized domains of a liquid crystal, with the domain size determined by a continuous polymer matrix running through the film. Dependin…
A novel electromigration failure mode was detected in 0.13-μm technology, copper dual damascene interconnects. Extrusions formed between the test lead and neighboring monitor lines, resulting in short-circuit failure. However, many of these extrusions were short lived, shrinking within a period of a minute to an hour.…
An analytic theory for the de Haas--van Alphen (dHvA) oscillations in layered conductors with a periodic one-dimensional (1D) potential within the planes is developed. The periodic modulation potential yields an additional factor $I(p)$ in the Lifshitz-Kosevich harmonic series which modulates the dHvA oscillation ampl…
The authors present a parametrized hysteresis model and develop a hysteresis inverse. They then design adaptive controllers with an adaptive hysteresis inverse for plants with unknown hystereses. A novel adaptive controller structure is introduced which is capable of achieving a linear parametrization and a linear err…
Abstract Summary: Multilayer microcapsules are fabricated by layer‐by‐layer assembly of sodium poly(styrene sulfonate) (PSS) and poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) on porous CaCO 3 microparticles, followed by removal of the sacrificial template. Confocal microscopy (CLSM) reveals that the obtained capsules have poly…
MOD-RTG represents the design configuration for the next generation of Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator (RTG), aimed at improving specific power over current General Purpose Heat Source Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generators (GPHS-RTGs). As part of the MOD-RTG development program sponsored by the Office of Specia…
Ni 2 MnGa is one of the attractive ferromagnetic shape memory alloys. It is reported that the parent phase is of Heusler type and transforms into an intermediate phase above M s . As regards the crystal structure of the intermediate phase, it was previously reported that the fcc main reflection remained and additional…
We investigated the interaction between the vacancy and $\ensuremath{\Sigma}5$ (210)[001] symmetric tilt grain boundary during the sliding by taking copper as a model material. The geometry optimization was done by simulating an annealing process at elevated temperature. For interatomic interaction we used an empirica…
AIMS: Gluconacetobacter xylinum is well known for its ability to produce large amounts of cellulose, however, little is known about its cell physiology. Our goal was to study the respiratory metabolism and components of the respiratory system of this bacterium in static cultures. To reach our goal, a medium formulatio…
Flash memories have been the fastest growing among the different semiconductor memory families; their market has reached a size comparable to the DRAM one and it is expected to keep growing in the coming years. The fantastic success of flash memory is related to the key role they play as storing media for both code an…
Abstract Nanoparticle networks can be synthesized by the self‐assembly of arrays of metal colloid particles linked by spacer molecules of different sizes. The particles are linked through reactive aluminum sites in a metal–organic shell around the metal particles. Rigid spacer molecules with functional groups at each…
The thermal evolution of the rhombohedral order parameter of cold-rolled Ni 50.7 Ti 49.3 alloy was measured by x-ray diffraction. The slightly first-order paraelastic to improper ferroelastic B2↔R phase transition occurs on cooling at 305 K; on cooling below 240 K the R-phase and residual austenite transform to B19′-m…
Ti–25Ni–25Cu(at.%) alloy ribbons have been fabricated by melt spinning with a linear velocity of 51.0 m s −1 , and then their microstructures and shape memory characteristics were investigated by means of optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, thermal cycling tests under constant load…
The nanocrystallites (≈3nm) of LiNbO3, evolved in the (100−x)LiBO2-xNb2O5 (5⩽x⩽20, in molar ratio) glass system exhibited intense second-harmonic signals in transmission mode when exposed to infrared (IR) light at λ=1064nm. The second-harmonic waves were found to undergo optical diffraction which was attributed to the…
In the ten years since the introduction of the stress control material developed by Raychem for high voltage power cable terminations, a significant amount of practical knowledge has been amassed relating to the performance of these types of terminations on a range of cable types and at widely differing operating volt…
The behavior of some narrow single-wall carbon nanotubes under uniaxial stress was studied. The first principles local density-functional calculations were carried out using helical repeat units and periodic boundary conditions for a single infinite chain. The mechanical response of the tube, the geometrical deformati…
Adsorptions of both oxygen atoms and oxygen molecules on 4 \AA{} single-wall carbon nanotubes, which have been fabricated using a templating method recently, are studied by the plane-wave pseudopotential method. Our calculations will provide some useful information on the stability of such ultrasmall tubes under ambie…
Ni–Mn–Ga alloy is a new actuator material due to the fact that its shape memory effect can be controlled by magnetic field in addition to the conventional controls by temperature and stress. However, the alloy shows relatively low martensitic transformation and Curie temperatures. In this paper, we report the results…