Materials Literature
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Abstract Research studies on new materials have shown that cerium–vanadium mixed oxides have potential for use as counter‐electrodes in electrochromic devices owing to the combination of the excellent stability and transparency of cerium oxides and the high ion‐storage capacity of the vanadium oxides. Among them, ceri…
The thermomechanical properties of polyurethane-shape memory polymer foam were investigated by the compressive tests. The results are summarized as follows. (1) The material contracts uniformly in the axial direction with the ratio of lateral strain to axial strain 0.4 in the early stage, but about 0.15 thereafter. (2…
The effects of nitrogen doping into Cu 2 O thin films deposited by reactive radio-frequency magnetron sputtering were studied. It was found that nitrogen is an effective p-type dopant for Cu 2 O and the hole density can be controlled from 1×10 15 cm -3 to approximately 10 17 cm -3 . The acceptor level of nitrogen was…
This paper describes in simple terms the physics of laser-calculus interactions and introduces a method with which physicians can understand or evaluate the application of any new laser technique for use in lithotripsy or other medical fields. Tissue optical properties and laser parameters govern the mechanism(s) of f…
Tracking and erosion of high temperature vulcanizing (HTV)-silicone rubber (SIR) and the suppression mechanism of alumina trihydrate (ATH) filler were investigated in the present study. The tracking and erosion resistance of HTV-SIR filled with 0 to 60%wt ATH was evaluated by employing an IEC 587 inclined plane (IP) t…
Electropolymerization of monomers containing both transition metals and thiophene, and the properties of the resulting materials are reviewed. Polymers with metal centers linked to the backbone via a saturated linker (Type I), closely coupled to the conjugated backbone (Type II), and directly in the backbone (Type III…
The purpose of the present investigation is to describe the influence of the processing parameters on the dielectric behavior of manganese‐doped Ba(Ti 1− x Zr x )O 3 ceramics, particularly variations in the small‐signal aging rate, temperature characteristic, and hysteresis. In this paper, the aging behavior of base‐m…
Abstract Summary: STRAP is a comfortable and extensible tool for the generation and refinement of multiple alignments of protein sequences. Various sequence ordered input file formats are supported. These are the SwissProt-,GenBank-, EMBL-, DSSP- PDB-, MSF-, and plain ASCII text format. The special feature of STRAP is…
The possible domain states of perovskite ferroelectrics under applied fields are reviewed and, as an illustration, a phenomenological study of barium titanate is carried out. Electric field-temperature phase diagrams, the polarization, and the lattice strain of barium titanate single crystals are calculated from the L…
This paper presents the work on the development of a micro model of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) porous anode, which formed by the mixture of electronic and ionic conductors. The model establishes the complex relationship between the transport phenomena, which includes the transports of electron, ion and gas molecul…
Metallic multilayers, composed of alternating layers of soft metals, are shown to possess ultra-high strengths when the bilayer periods are on the order of a few nanometers. In fact, the strength of materials may be within a factor of two to three of the theoretical strength limit. The dependence of strength on the bi…
Organophilic layered silicate (montmorillonite type) was added up to 10 phr to a styrene/butadiene rubber (SBR) cured by an efficient vulcanization system. The compounds were characterized in respect to their curing, rheological and mechanical properties. In addition, attempt was made to consider some thermodynamical…
The development of suitable three-dimensional matrices for the maintenance of cellular viability and differentiation is critical for applications in tissue engineering and cell biology. The structure and composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) has been shown to modulate cell behavior with respect to shape, movem…
A compilation of data for small molecule organic, polymeric, and inorganic glass-forming liquids shows that the original expectation, that there be a positive correlation between the thermodynamic measure of fragility Cpl/Cpg (or Cpl/Cpc) and the dynamic fragility index m, is not generally true. The results are consis…
A procedure for Rietveld quantitative amorphous content analysis (RQACA) is outlined, in which the effects of systematic errors in the powder patterns are studied. The method derives the amorphous content from the small overestimation of an internal crystalline standard in a Rietveld refinement of an appropriate mixtu…
The 3ω method has been proven to be very useful for determining the thermal conductivity of thin films and their substrates. Several simplifications are often used in determining the thermal conductivity of the films based on the experimentally measured 3ω signal. These simplifications, however, have limited range of…
Detailed guidelines for controlling magnetic states in ZnO-based diluted magnetic semiconductors are given based on ab initio electronic structure calculations within the local spin density approximation using the Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker method. Effects of disorder were taken into account by the coherent potential appr…
The key factors determining the performance of supercapacitorshave been studied using single-walled carbon nanotube (CNT) electrodes. Heat treatment at high temperatures is found to increase the capacitance and reduce the CNT electrode resistance. A very efficient energy storage device was obtained with a CNT-Ni foam…
Global indicators of the quality of diffraction data are presented and discussed, and are evaluated in terms of their performance with respect to various tasks. Based on the results obtained, it is suggested that some of the conventional indicators still in use in the crystallographic community should be abandoned, su…
Total scattering, an increasingly important crystallographic research area, is defined theoretically in terms of correlation functions. Different researchers use different definitions for these functions, frequently leading to confusion in the literature. Here, a consistent set of equations for total-scattering correl…