Materials Literature
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In smectic liquid crystals (SmLCs) with no nematic phase in the phase sequence, such as antiferroelectric SmLCs and SmLCs with V-shaped electrooptical switching, it is hard to obtain LC cells with a uniform molecular alignment structure. The direct transition from the isotropic phase to the Sm phase during cooling giv…
Electro-optically active and highly transparent lanthanum-modified lead zirconate titanate [PLZT, Pb 0.91 La 0.09 (Zr 0.65 Ti 0.35 )O 3 ] films over 1 µm thick were deposited directly on glass substrates using an aerosol deposition method. An optical transmittance of 70% at the wavelength of 800 nm was obtained for a…
Ferroelectric random access memory (FeRAM) application has suffered seriously from the degradation of ferroelectric thin films such as that caused by fatigue. Therefore, we have investigated the degradation of Pb(Ti,Zr)O 3 (PZT) films by thermally stimulated current (TSC) measurement. The TSC has been utilized for the…
Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 (PZT) films having 2.0 µm in thickness with the Zr/(Zr+Ti) ratio ranging from 0.20 to 0.75 were prepared on (111)Pt/TiO 2 /SiO 2 /(100)Si substrates at 600°C by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). Highly (100)-/(001)-oriented PZT films were successfully prepared with a deposition rate of 1.5 µ…
The improvement of the electrical properties of a lead zirconate titanate (PZT) layer and the reduction of the processing temperature in the aerosol deposition method (ADM) using irradiation of a fast atom beam (FAB) and plasma were investigated. The remanent polarization of the PZT layer deposited with oxygen FAB irr…
The crystal growth of relaxor-based ferroelectric single crystals Pb[(In 1/2 Nb 1/2 ),(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 ),Ti]O 3 (PIMNT) was investigated using the top-seeded solution growth (TSSG) method. The concentration of Pb(In 1/2 Nb 1/2 )O 3 in a melt was chosen to be 0.24 mole, and that of Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 was changed from…
Domain wall structures on the etched surfaces of the solid solutions of Pb(Zn 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 – x PbTiO 3 (PZN- x PT; x ≤20%) were investigated by scanning probe microscopy (SPM). We showed that both the 90° and 180° domain wall structures on the etched surface of the PZN- x PT ( x =10–20%) can be observed using SPM.…
The phenomenon of plasmon resonance in ellipsoidal nanoparticles with shells is considered. Based on the geometrical sizes of a nanoparticle and its components, the theory is developed which allows the calculation of absorption spectra. Using the Maxwell — Garnett theory, a collective plasmon resonance is considered,…
Ferroelectric thin films of Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 (PZT) were prepared by chemical solution deposition (CSD). The top electrodes of platinum (Pt), SrRuO 3 (SRO), and IrO 2 thin films are deposited on the PZT thin films by RF magnetron sputtering (RF) and the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) methods, respectively. The polarization…
Using tight-binding as well as classical molecular dynamics we simulate the formation of single-wall carbon nanotube T-, Y- and X-junctions via the fusing of two nanotubes. We propose energetically efficient pathways for this process in which all atoms maintain their sp 2 arrangements throughout. Recent experimental a…
The synthesis of new Pt(II) diimine complexes bearing perfluorinated thiolate ligands, Pt(II)(NN)(4-X-C(6)F(4)-S)(2), where NN = 2,2'-bipyridine or 1,10-phenanthroline and X = F or CN, is reported, together with an investigation of the nature and dynamics of their lowest excited states. A combined UV-vis, (spectro)ele…
The dynamics of athermal polymer blends with stiffness disparities are studied using computer simulations of the bond-fluctuation model. For mixtures of ten-mer chains, we see a difference in the temperature dependence of the diffusion coefficients of the two blend components for all blend compositions with appreciabl…
Reactions of PtO + with O 2 and CO 2 and the collision-induced dissociation of PtO + with Xe and of PtO 2 + with Xe and Ar have been studied as a function of kinetic energy using guided ion beam tandem mass spectrometry in order to elucidate the thermochemistry of PtO 2 + . The kinetic energy dependences for these rea…
In this paper, we present time-dependent studies on the complexation of cysteine-capped gold nanoparticles with octadecylamine (ODA) Langmuir monolayers. The cysteine molecules bound to the colloidal gold surface via thiolate linkages impart a net negative charge to the particles due to deprotonated carboxylic acid gr…
The domain-structure images of (001) plates of Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 –PbTiO 3 (PMN-PT) single crystals were successfully obtained in a vacuum using a contact-resonance piezoresponse force microscope (CR-PFM). During conventional PFM observations at sufficiently high temperature, the modulation voltages applied between…
Using a first-principles pseudopotential method we have studied the interaction processes involved in the adsorption of ammonia on the germanium surfaces. We have found that ammonia adsorbs molecularly on the germanium surface and, in contrast to the interaction of the same species with the silicon surface, no dissoci…
The crystal growth of x Pb(In 1/2 Nb 1/2 )O 3 - y Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )- z PbTiO 3 (PIMNT 100 x /100 y /100 z ) and x 'Pb(Sc 1/2 Nb 1/2 )O 3 - y 'Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )- z 'PbTiO 3 (PSMNT 100 x '/100 y '/100 z ') ternary systems was investigated by the solution Bridgman method using PbO-B 2 O 3 flux. A PIMNT single crystal 2…
We report total-energy electronic structure calculations that provide the energetics of encapsulation of C 70 fullerenes in carbon nanotubes. The encapsulation processes for C 70 in tubes thicker than (17,0) are all exothermic. We find that the lying arrangement is energetically favourable for the thin nanotubes, wher…
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Uniaxial compressive stress and electrical field responses were investigated using the X5R-type multilayer ceramic capacitor with Ni internal electrode (Ni-MLCC). Capacitance change was dependent on the applied direction of the stress. TCC curve under compressive stress and electrical field was measured. The peak of t…