Materials Literature
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Electrochemical etching is shown to represent a unique approach for tailoring linear and nonlinear optical properties of III–V compounds. We demonstrate that under defined etching conditions uniformly distributed pores with transverse dimensions less than 100 nm are formed. The presence of pores modifies the refractiv…
[structure: see text] A series of bridged oligothiophenes have been synthesized. Their novel molecular architecture, comprising two oligothiophenes linked together by a bridge at one alpha-extremity and one binding group at the other alpha-extremity, is expected to improve their utility as electroactive surfactants fo…
We have designed a novel transflective nematic liquid crystal (LC) cell driven by a fringe field. A homogeneously aligned LC director rotates almost in plane by applying voltage and, thus, the LC cell becomes an excellent dynamic phase retarder. The transflective display associated with this LC cell exhibits a wide-vi…
The sorbent behaviour of (natural and exfoliated) vermiculite minerals was studied with respect to metal cations (Ni, Cu, Cd) commonly present in waste waters of the metal finishing industry. The Langmuir model was found to describe the sorption processes well, showing the maximum sorption capacities of natural vermic…
We present here the 2.3-A crystal structure of the Escherichia coli YdiB protein, an orthologue of shikimate 5-dehydrogenase. This enzyme catalyzes the reduction of 3-dehydroshikimate to shikimate as part of the shikimate pathway, which is absent in mammals but required for the de novo synthesis of aromatic amino acid…
Arterial growth during embryonic vascular development is associated with longitudinal strain. The longitudinal strain is an important element of the embryonic vascular mechanical environment (EVME). Thus, a perfusion bioreactor for vascular tissue engineered constructs must include the functional capacity for longitud…
We have reported to make nanostructured cobalt oxide electrode that have large capacitance over than 400 F/g (specific capacitance) and good cycleability. But, it had serious demerits of low voltage range under 0.5 V and low power density. Therefore, we need to increase voltage range of cobalt oxide electrode. We repo…
Abstract Fatigue crack growth in 2024-T3 has been studied in ambient air and in vacuum at load ratios R = –1, R = 0.05 and R = 0.5 using ultrasonic equipment (cycling frequency 20 kHz) and servo-hydraulic equipment (20 Hz). In vacuum, no strain rate influences were found and similar growth rates and threshold stress i…
This paper is mainly devoted to the presentation and the illustration of chemical microananalysis methods. Four basic techniques will be successively presented: the energy dispersive X-rays spectroscopy (EDS), the wave dispersive spectroscopy of X-rays (WDS), the electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) and the Auger…
Ellipsometry has sufficient sensitivity for sensor applications and is here used as an optical readout method in a gas sensing system. Porous silicon is used as sensing layers in which vapors of solvents can adsorb and condensate due to capillary effects. A miniaturized multi-beam ellipsometer system is proposed and t…
The motion of a screw dislocation under the action of ultrasound is simulated with account taken of its cross slip in a spatially nonuniform stress field created by a fixed dislocation of the same sense. Only dislocations started from certain regions in the space are shown to undergo cross slip. The variations in the…
A field survey was carried out to determine the soil and leaf sulfur (S) status in some tea estates where urea based fertilizer mixtures had been used continuously for more than ten years. Fourteen tea estates in Ratnapura, Passara, Kottawa, and Deniyaya regions were selected for this study. Five extractants were used…
The goal of the present experiments was to obtain crack healing of hydrogen attack (HA) in low-carbon steel by heat treatment. It was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) that HA cracks experienced different healing effects. The results indicated that HA cracks ≤ 10 μm in length can be healed completely by c…
Abstract The structural evolution in NiTi shape memory alloys subjected to pseudoelastic cycling is examined in the present study. Single crystals with [100] and [111] orientations were subjected to repeated compressive cycles and then studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). TEM observations were made at cy…
Motivated by experimental observations made on soft-PZT/alumina cantilever bimorphs, a nonlinear electromechanical model is presented describing the characteristic phenomena of ferroelectricity: the dielectric hysteresis, the butterfly loop, and the ferroelastic hysteresis. This model uses a phenomenological formulati…
A new experimental set-up has been developed which uses the environment of near field optical microscopy to locally induce photo-electrochemical reactions at a semiconductor surface in contact with an electrolyte. When the semiconductor is under reverse bias, illumination of the surface by the optical tip of the micro…
Abstract Blends of elastomers are often used as a basis for compound formulations. For instance, tire tread formulations may contain NR, BR and SBR in order to provide cost-effective products with good mechanical properties, dynamic properties and abrasion resistance. Blends of dissimilar EPDM grades are often used wh…
It has been stated that reliable qualitative identification of isocyanurate rings directly in urethane-isocyanurate elastomers (EUI) can not be realized using ATR method. Such identification becomes possible only on the basis of the analysis of EUI hydrolysis in acid medium products. It was done using following method…
Structural characteristics of non-stoichiometric copper selenides were studied by the elastic neutron and X-ray scattering techniques. Rietveld analysis was used to refine the structure of the high-temperature β-phase of the Cu 1.75 Se, Cu 1.78 Se, and Cu 1.83 Se samples. The homogeneity ranges of the cubic phase were…
A thermal treatment at 900°C (under nitrogen) of a milled mixture MnO-Fe 2 O 3 yields MnFe 2 O 4 mainly as the product of the reaction between Mn 3 O 4 (produced by ball milling) and Fe 2 O 3 . Under the same experimental conditions but starting from an unmilled MnO- Fe 2 O 3 mixture, the formation of MnFe 2 O 4 is on…