Materials Literature
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Nanowire networks of trigonal selenium (see Figure) have been prepared over a large area through a spontaneous organization process. This has been realized via the vapor deposition of selenium and subsequent crystallization. The network of selenium nanowires is expected to find applications in nanoscale circuits as we…
Abstract A novel method for fabrication of highly oriented polyaniline (PANI) nanowires without removal of the template was developed by combining self‐assembly and template synthesis techniques. By using a self‐assembly process under inhibition conditions, oriented arrays of PANI nanowires growing out of the nanoporo…
Abstract Single-crystalline gold (Au) nanorods and nanowires have been successfully prepared in liquid phase by one-step, seedless and template-free microwave-polyol method. Ethylene glycol (EG) reduced HAuCl4 to form Au by microwave heating at 160 °C. Single-crystalline Au with other morphologies was also produced.
We have developed an effective medium theory for the optical properties of nanoparticle films by considering the exact local fields of spheroidal nanoparticles on a substrate. The model allows the calculation of reflectivity, transmission and absorption of nanoparticle films for a wide range of filling factors, nanopa…
Highly ordered silica monoliths (see Figure) with three‐dimensional structures have been fabricated using microemulsion lyotropic liquid crystal phases of Brij 56 as templates under acidic conditions, without loss of the mesoscopic order. The results reveal that the synthetic methodology can effectively control the 3D…
Basic mesoporous materials (see Figure) are synthesized directly from a strong acidic solution for the first time. This is achieved by in‐situ coating of SBA‐15 with basic MgO by adding acetate salt into the initial mixture of raw materials for synthesis. The synthesis and modification is performed in a one‐step proce…
Abstract A novel and flexible strategy involving hydrothermal transformation of guest‐incorporated zeolite‐seeded mesoporous silica spheres was proposed to prepare guest‐encapsulated hollow zeolite spheres and three‐dimensionally (3D) ordered macroporous zeolite monoliths. The guest species that were pre‐incorporated…
A switchable Fresnel zone plate lens is demonstrated using a polymer-stabilized liquid crystal. The fabrication process is relatively simple and the device can be operated below 10 volts with fast response time. Such a device works well for a linearly polarized light.
Abstract The formation of weak polyelectrolyte films on planar and spherical supports has recently evoked major interest, as such coatings allow novel material properties to be tunable by pH and salt adjustment of the polyelectrolyte deposition conditions. We report on the build up of multilayers of the weak polyelect…
The electronic structure of Me[N(CN)$_2$]$_2$ (Me=Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) molecular magnets has been investigated using x-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) as well as theoretical density-functional-based methods. Both theory and experiments show that the top of the valence band is…
Alignment of single‐walled carbon nanotubes in a bulk epoxy matrix (see Figure) has been achieved through the processing of the composite inside a high magnetic field (15–25 T). The self‐organization of the epoxy chains inside the magnetic field mediated the reorientation process of the single‐walled carbon nanotubes.…
Abstract In this paper, Tb(OH) 3 and Y(OH) 3 single‐crystalline nanotubes with outer diameters of 30–260 nm, inner diameters of 15–120 nm, and lengths of up to several micrometers were synthesized on a large scale by hydrothermal treatment of the corresponding oxides in the presence of alkali. In addition, Tb 4 O 7 an…
We report the use of nanotube field-effect transistor devices for chemical sensing in a conducting liquid environment. Detection of ammonia occurs through the shift of the gate voltage dependence of the source-drain current. We attribute this shift to charge transfer from adsorbed ammonia molecules, with the amount of…
We discuss a possible form for a theory akin to local density functional theory, but able to produce van der Waals energies in a natural fashion. The usual Local Density Approximation (LDA) for the exchange and correlation energy $E_{xc}$ of an inhomogeneous electronic system can be derived by making a quasilocal appr…
Using an optimized bridge geometry we have been able to make accurate measurements of the properties of YBa2Cu3O7-delta grain boundaries above Tc. The results show a strong dependence of the change of resistance with temperature on grain boundary angle. Analysis of our results in the context of band-bending allows us…
Abstract In this paper, we report on the preparation of monodisperse polyaniline (PANi)–silica composite capsules and hollow spheres on monodisperse core–gel‐shell template particles. An extension of the previously reported inward growth method was used. The samples were self‐stabilized without external additives. The…
The utilization of organized supramolecular assemblies to exploit the synergistic interactions afforded by close proximity, both for enzymatic synthesis and for the degradation of recalcitrant substrates, is an emerging theme in cellular biology. Anaerobic bacteria harness a multiprotein complex, termed the "celluloso…
Co‐electrospinning of core–shell polymer nanofibers (see Figure) is introduced. This process can be used for manufacturing of coaxial nanofibers made of pairs of different materials. Non‐spinnable materials can be forced into 1D arrangements by co‐electrospinning using a spinnable shell polymer. The method results in…
Point polarizable molecules at fixed spatial positions have solvable electrostatic properties in classical approximation, the most familiar being the Clausius-Mossotti (CM) formula. This paper generalizes the model and imagines various applications to nanosystems. The behavior is worked out for a sequence of octahedra…
Polarization energies are calculated for a point charge ion in amorphous polyethylene using local segment and non-local distributed molecular polarizabilities with material structures simulated by both general-purpose and specialist Monte Carlo software. An expression is derived for the polarization energy of a molecu…