Materials Literature
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A temperature scaling analysis using the same mode coupling theory (MCT) scaling relationships employed for supercooled liquids is applied to optical heterodyne detected optical Kerr effect data for four liquid crystals. The data cover a range of times from ∼1 ps to 100 ns and a range of temperatures from ∼50 K above…
A theoretical study of a number of chiral molecules has been undertaken using a molecular Monte Carlo simulation approach coupled with calculations of molecular chirality based on a chirality order parameter. Results for a variety of TADDOL (α,α,α′,α′-tetraaryl-1,3-dioxolan-4,5dimethanol) derivatives show good agreeme…
Monolayers of monodisperse latex spheres of micron size were used as deposition masks to fabricate arrays of ferroelectric nanostructures by pulsed laser deposition using a BaTiO3 target. First, arrays of well-ordered structures were prepared on SrTiO3:Nb (100) single-crystal substrates at room temperature. Investigat…
We consider metallic alloys of Cu*, Cu, and Cu** in which the atoms differ only in their atomic radii and examine how the size ratio affects the local orders in the alloy systems. These studies use molecular dynamics simulations in which the atomic interactions are modeled with a Sutton–Chen many-body potential. Consi…
Surface texturing is an effective and more lasting technique in reducing reflections and improving light trapping compared to antireflection coatings. A surface texturing technique using reactive ion etching (RIE) method suitable for crystalline and multi crystalline solar cells, which resulted in surfaces with neglig…
In the conventional CdS/CdTe device structure, the poly-CdS window layer has a bandgap of /spl sim/2.4 eV, which causes absorption in the short-wavelength region. Higher short-circuit current densities (J/sub sc/) can be achieved by reducing the CdS thickness, but this can adversely impact device open-circuit voltage…
We have used x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy with high energy resolution to determine band discontinuities at the two buried interfaces of the epitaxial TiO2 (anatase)/SrTiO3/Si(001) system. The valence band offsets are −2.1±0.1 eV and +0.2±0.1 eV at the SrTiO3/Si and TiO2/SrTiO3 heterojunctions, respectively. Assumi…
One-pot preparation of shell-type silver−gold bimetallic nanostructures with hollow interiors and bearing nanospikes, based on colloid seed-engaged replacement reaction and colloid-mediated deposition reactions, has been reported. Heating-induced evolution of Ag−Au bimetallic nanoshells can lead to spontaneous product…
We have developed a differential scanning calorimeter capable of working under applied magnetic fields of up to 5 T. The calorimeter is highly sensitive and operates over the temperature range 10–300 K. It is shown that, after a proper calibration, the system enables determination of the latent heat and entropy change…
The morphology, microstructure, surface area, porosity, and chemical composition of soot particles emitted from a gas-turbine combustor have been studied. Combustor soot particles appear to be chemically and structurally unstable and present microporosity and a strongly disordered graphitic structure. Discrepancies be…
Recently it was suggested that tetrahedral liquids such as water and silicon exhibit a fragile-to-strong transition while approaching the glass-transition temperature ( T g ). Such a drastic change in the fragility of liquid as a function of temperature is very rarely observed. Here we propose that, contrary to the po…
In situ DRIFTS was used to investigate the formation and reactivity of surface species on Ag/Al 2 O 3 during partial oxidation of CH 3 CHO, C 2 H 5 OH, and C 3 H 6 . The exposure of Ag/Al 2 O 3 to CH 3 CHO/C 2 H 5 OH/C 3 H 6 + O 2 in a steady state leads to the formation of two kinds of partial oxidation products: ace…
A molecular dynamics simulation study of the influence of a polymer melt matrix consisting of bead-necklace polymers on the effective interaction between two spherical nanoparticles was performed. The potential of mean force (POMF) between the two nanoparticles as well as entropy and energy contributions to the POMF w…
Zr-doped ZnO (ZZO) thin films have been investigated as an anode material, a potential alternative to indium tin oxide (ITO), for organic light emitting diode (OLED) devices. ZZO films have been deposited on glass substrates by pulsed laser deposition. The electrical and optical properties of these films were studied…
Molecular-dynamics simulations are utilized to simulate solvation and van der Waals forces between two nanoparticles immersed in a Lennard-Jones liquid. Three different sizes and shapes of nanoparticles with solvophilic and solvophobic properties are investigated. We compare different methods for calculating van der W…
We report experiments using high-resolution size exclusion chromatography (HRSEC), dynamic light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy to investigate the effects of aging of Au nanoclusters in the presence of surfactant ligands. We first describe our observations of the role of thiols as etchants to produce…
The pseudoelastic behavior of shape memory alloy (SMA) materials is a phenomenon associated with reversible thermoelastic martensitic transformation. Despite significant insight into macroscopic pseudoelasticity, relatively little is known about the mechanisms responsible for the pseudoelastic behavior at nanometer sc…
Using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, we obtained structure images of strontium titanate (SrTiO3) with a clearly resolved oxygen sublattice along different crystallographic directions in the bulklattice and for a Sigma3 tilt grain boundary. Comparison with image simulations showed that the grain boun…
An infrared spectroscopic study of CO 2 that becomes permanently trapped in carbon nanotube bundles during thermolysis is reported. The temperature dependence of the ν 3 modes for trapped CO 2 is studied with two-dimensional infrared correlation spectroscopy. Computer simulations are used to extract the basic physics…
The Lodge–McLeish model of miscible blend dynamics is compared to literature data for the segmental or terminal dynamics of components in six different miscible polymer mixtures. In most cases, the model successfully fits the experimental data for a given component with a parameter φself, which is independent of tempe…