Materials Literature
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Abstract Ternary nanocomposites based on poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT), maleic anhydride grafted poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl acetate) (EVA‐g‐MAH), and organically modified montmorllonite (organoclays) were prepared through four different blending sequences in a Haake rheocord mixer: (1) To blend PBT, EVA‐g‐MAH and org…
The properties of polypyrrole (PPy) are to a large extent determined by the condition of synthesis and especially by the counterion incorporated as dopant during synthesis. In this work, PPy doped with different alkyl benzenesulfonates are compared. The polymer films are prepared by constant current oxidation of pyrro…
Perfluorodecanethiol-stabilized silver (Ag) nanocrystals were synthesized in supercritical (sc)-CO 2 through arrested precipitation, by reducing silver acetylacetonate (Ag(acac)) with hydrogen in the presence of fluorinated thiol. The CO 2 density used during synthesis controls the particle size and polydispersity. At…
We are developing a program to perform Photoelectron Spectroscopy and X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy upon highly radioactive samples, particularly Plutonium, at the Advanced Light Source in Berkeley, CA, USA. First results from alpha and delta Plutonium are reported as well as plans for a dedicated spectrometer for act…
Dialkylamino substituted cyclic carbaphosphazenes, (R 2 NCN) 2 (NPCl 2 ) were prepared and reacted with the ferrocene derived hydroxymethyl phosphine sulfide FcCH(CH 3 )P(S)(CH 2 OH) 2 after dilithiation to yield a series of new spirocyclic derivatives of cyclic carbaphosphazenes having ferrocenyl pendant groups. To c…
The solvent properties of oxidic glass melts are compared with those of water and discussed in terms of chemical bonding and the ability of oxygen, in the oxidation state of –2, to donate electron charge. The nature of the environment for hosted metal ions is discussed and the optical basicity model is applied to prob…
A revised method to determine solubility of nitrogen in dilute pepsin, using 0.0002% pepsin in place of 0.2% in AOAC Official Method 971.09, was tested in 16 laboratories with 12 samples of fishmeal. Results were calculated according to 2 procedures: AOAC Official Method 971.09 and a method described in 1964 by resear…
Abstract Members of the 4,4 sartorite homologues can be deduced from a topological parent structure with orthorhombic symmetry, space group Pmnb , a = 4.233, b = 7.918, c = 24.692 Å. The observed modulations in 4,4 sartorite homologues are associated with symmetry lowering of the parent structure and superstructure fo…
Here we report for the first time on phosphorylation of cotton cellulose using baker's yeast hexokinase and phosphoryl donor adenosine-5′-triphosphate. An enzymatic assay was adopted for determination of the degree of phosphorylation of cellulose. This functional modification of cellulose resulted in improved colorabi…
The genes of the poly(β-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) synthesis pathway in Ralstonia eutropha and Methylobacterium extorquens were successfully established in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Expression of just the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) synthase gene in some experiments, and all three PHB genes (i.e., the genes encod…
Evidence that brittle intergranular fracture in Al-Li alloys is associated with segregation of lithium, and maybe the formation of two-dimensional grain-boundary phases, is briefly reviewed. Particular attention is drawn to similarities between embrittlement of Al-Li alloys and segregation-induced embrittlement in oth…
The known dynamic criteria for yield of metals are generalized to the case of any stressed-strained state and an arbitrary loading duration. The criteria for uniaxial tension and simple shear are a special case. The dependences of the yield point on the strain rate are calculated using the proposed criterion and are c…
We report a method to physically separate smectite from illite in natural shale samples. This method is based upon the large contrast in the density of mixed-layer clay minerals reported in the literature. Our objective was to investigate the behavior of separate density fractions of mixedlayer smectite and illite dur…
Grain-boundary migration is demonstrated to proceed by lateral propagation of a small step in a (113), [110] symmetric Al tilt grain-boundary. In-situ high-resolution (transmission) electron microscopy (HREM) at 523K allowed the study of atomic-scale detail at video rates during the migration process. The grain-bounda…
Single crystals of the composition PbFe 1/2 Ta 1/2 O 3 are grown by the method of mass crystallization from flux. It is established that, unlike the PbFe 1/2 Ta 1/2 O 3 ceramic, the synthesized single crystals possess pronounced relaxor properties: the maximum of the dielectric constant is diffuse and its temperature,…
Ceramic samples of (1− x )SrTiO 3 - x SrMg 1/3 Nb 2/3 O 3 and (1− x )SrTiO 3 - x SrSc 1/2 Ta 1/2 O 3 were prepared, and their dielectric properties were studied at x =0.005–0.15 and 0.01–0.1, respectively, at frequencies 10 Hz–1 MHz and at temperatures 4.2–350 K. A giant dielectric relaxation was observed in the tempe…
This paper examines and discusses fiber damage in cotton, viscose, polyester, poly amide 6.6, silk, and wool in supercritical carbon dioxide at 100. 120. 140, and 160°C for I and 4 hours at a pressure of 300 bar. For comparison, experiments are conducted for 4 hours at 160°C in nitrogen and air under atmospheric condi…
A method is described for reconstructing the habits of crystals embedded in a second phase from observations of random planar sections of known orientation. We have generated simulated observations based on five assumed crystal habits and found that it is possible to reconstruct the shape from 100‐1000 planar sections…
Through layer-by-layer method [tetrakis(N-methylpyridyl)porphyrinato] cobalt (CoTMPyP) and polyoxometalyte were alternately deposited on 4-aminobenzoic acid (4-ABA) modified glassy carbon electrode. The resulting organic-inorganic hybrid films were characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV), UV/visible absorption spectr…
Different organophilic layered silicates and a modified hydrotalcite were used as functional nanofillers for thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers. Polyamide 6 (PA6) and poly(butylene terephthalate) silicate nanocomposites were prepared by melt compounding using a twin-screw extruder. The morphology of the material…