Materials Literature
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Two types of carbon materials, i.e., nanocapsules and mesocellular foams, have been selectively synthesized by combining surface-modified colloidal silica templating and microemulsion polymerization. Carbon nanocapsules (see Figure) of 30 nm diameter, and mesocellular carbon foams with an average pore diameter of 22 n…
A low-ϰ organic–inorganic hybrid material (see Figure) based on functionalized silsesquioxanes is demonstrated. The preparation is based on platinum-catalyzed hydrosilylation or hydrolytic condensation of functionalized silsesquioxanes, and by controlling the parameters for spin coating, by which the hybrid copolymer…
Abstract Poly(benzobisthiazole)s containing tetrafluorophenyl and bromophenyl moieties were synthesized via the polycondensation of 2,5‐diamino‐1,4‐benzenedithiol dihydrochloride with tetrafluorophthalic acid and 4‐bromoisophthalic acid under a nitrogen atmosphere. The polymers were characterized by X‐ray diffraction,…
Abstract Biodegradable polyurethane foams (PUFs) as coating materials for the controlled release of fertilizer were prepared from a four‐component system consisting of diisocyanate, polyester, Acacia mearnsi bark, and corn starch. Ammonium sulfate [(NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 ] was used as a fertilizer to evaluate the effects of t…
We consider chirality related effects in optical, photogalvanic, and electron-transport properties of carbon nanotubes. We show that these properties of chiral nanotubes are determined by terms in the electron effective Hamiltonian describing the coupling between the electron wave vector along the tube principal axis…
A single-step hydrolytic decomposition of a mixed-metal precursor (see Figure) results in the size-controlled synthesis of nanocrystalline GdFeO3 particles with high compositional and morphological homogeneity. Owing to the molecular level mixing of the cations and the preformed Gd–O–Fe linkage, the temperature requir…
The solubilization of oxidized carbon nanotubes has been achieved through derivatization using a functionalized organic crown ether. The resultant synthesized adduct yielded concentrations of dissolved nanotubes on the order of ∼1 g/L in water as well as in methanol, according to optical measurements. The nanotube−cro…
BTP (2,2′-bistriphenylenyl) emits very strong blue light in the solid state and in solution and shows excellent physical properties, such as a very good thermal stability and a high melting point. Electroluminescent devices using BTP as the blue emitter show high brightness, good external quantum and current efficienc…
Field emission properties of B-doped carbon nanotubes are investigated from both theoretical and experimental standpoints. Using tight-binding and ab initio calculations, it is observed that B-saturating tip edges of carbon nanotubes induce the presence of large peaks within the local density of states (LDOS) located…
We report muon spin rotation measurements of the local magnetic susceptibility around a positive muon in the paramagnetic state of the quasi one-dimensional spin 1/2 antiferromagnet KCuF$_3$. Signals from two distinct sites are resolved which have a temperature dependent frequency shift which is different than the mag…
Adsorption of submonolayer amounts of Ag on vicinal Cu(111) induces periodic faceting. The equilibrium structure is characterized by Ag-covered facets that alternate with clean Cu stripes. In the atomic scale, the driving force is the matching of Ag(111)-like packed rows with Cu(111) terraces underneath. This determin…
Mesoporous silica vesicles have been prepared by an ultrasound-mediated supramolecular templating technique using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as the surfactant. Cooperative assembly of the surfactant and silicate species near the air–water interface of the cavitating bubbles results in a vesicular morphology. The v…
This study showed the structures and the thermal behaviors of Si nanocages and nanotubes using classical molecular dynamics simulations based on the Tersoff potential. For hypothetical Si nanotubes based on the Tersoff potential, Si-Si bond length, cohesive energies per atom, diameters, and elastic energy to curve the…
Ordered arrays of ultra-high-density, nanoscopic, cylindrical domains have been prepared in thin block copolymer films directly by spin coating. The process is extremely rapid and reproducible. These oriented arrays result from the competition between solvent evaporation and ordering of the copolymer and a solvent gra…
Chemically functionalized carbon nanotubes (see Figure) are shown to produce composites with improved uniformity and dispersion. At low nanotube loading, a significant enhancement of the mechanical properties can be obtained. Moreover, the polymer/nanotube composites show efficient load transfer between the fillers an…
Anisotropic carbon nanotube–polyester composites have been realized by polymerization of the nanotube–monomer dispersion in a constant magnetic field (see Figure for method). Magnetic susceptibilities, electrical conductivities, and mechanical properties of the composite show clear anisotropy, indicating magnetic fiel…
Gold−silver alloy nanoparticles were synthesized via reduction of varying mole fractions of HAuCl 4 and AgNO 3 by sodium borohydride in the presence of sodium citrate as a capping agent, in water. Solution concentrations were adjusted to avoid the precipitation of AgCl during the course of the reaction. The plasmon ab…
Abstract The objective of this article was to review the use of carbon black (CB) as a conductive filler in polymers and polymer blends. Important properties of CB related to its use in conducting polymers are discussed. The effects of polymer structure, molecular weight, surface tension, and processing conditions on…
Monodispersed superparamagnetic nanoparticles were synthesized from aqueous iron chloride solutions and were modified with poly(ethylene glycol) self assembled monolayers to improve their dispersion, biocompatibility and intracellular uptake for biomedical applications. Transmission electron micrographs (TEM) and atom…
Abstract Superconducting permanent magnets form a completely new class of permanent magnets. Of course, they must be cooled to 77 K or below. At very low temperatures (24 K) their magnetization can be a factor of 10 higher than that of the best conventional magnets, providing magnetic forces and energies which are up…