Materials Literature
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We report that the organic salt (EDO-TTF)2PF6 with 3/4-filled-band (1/4-filled in terms of holes), which forms an organic metal with strong electron and lattice correlation, shows a highly sensitive response to photoexcitation. An ultrafast, photoinduced phase transition from the insulator phase to the metal phase can…
The sulfur-induced embrittlement of nickel has long been wrapped in mystery as to why and how sulfur weakens the grain boundaries of nickel and why a critical intergranular sulfur concentration is required. From first-principles calculations, we found that a large grain-boundary expansion is caused by a short-range ov…
The incorporation of nanometric size particles in a matrix to form dielectric composites shows promise of materials (nanodielectrics) with new and improved properties. It is argued that the properties of the interfaces between the particles and the matrix, which will themselves be of nanometric dimensions, will have a…
A cytotoxicity test protocol for single-wall nanotubes (SWNTs), multi-wall nanotubes (with diameters ranging from 10 to 20 nm, MWNT10), and fullerene (C60) was tested. Profound cytotoxicity of SWNTs was observed in alveolar macrophage (AM) after a 6-h exposure in vitro. The cytotoxicity increases by as high as approxi…
Computer modelling techniques are used to predict the distribution of residual stresses in a machined uranium surface. The predictions are used to address the ageing of uranium exposed to inert gas based environments in terms of microcrack initiation and subsequent propagation. Metallographic observations of microcrac…
In previous works we have shown that certain pi-conjugated organic molecules possess nontotally symmetric vibrations that break the maximum hardness (MHP) and minimum polarizability principles (MPP). We have also derived a set of simple rules to determine a priori without calculations whether a particular pi-conjugate…
Pb ( Zr , Ti ) O 3 (PZT) thin films were deposited on different substrate heterostructures including platinized silicon, stainless steel and Ni-based alloy foils. A buffer layer of (La0.8Sr0.2)MnO3 (LSMO) between PZT and substrate was used. The pyroelectric coefficients were determined using low frequency sinusoidal t…
Unique properties concerning the Curie temperature $({T}_{C})$ of lightly doped ${\mathrm{La}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Ba}}_{x}\mathrm{Mn}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ thin films $(0.05\ensuremath{\leqslant}x\ensuremath{\leqslant}0.2)$ possessing tensile strain from the substrate have been discovered. It was found that ${T}_{C…
A novel method for synthesizing ordered macroporous polymers is presented. Simply irradiating an electron beam onto colloidal polymer crystals generates regularly ordered macroporous polymers. No post-treatment is required for the formation of porous polymers. In addition, arbitrarily shaped two- and three-dimensional…
We successfully prepared a series of semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (semi-IPNs) from castor oil-based polyurethane (PU) and 20 wt % benzyl starch (BS) with different weight-average molecular weights (M(w)), coded as the PU/BS films. The M(w) values of a series of BSs were determined by size-exclusion chromatog…
We have successfully incorporated iron oxide nanoparticles into monodispersed amorphous selenium (a-Se) colloids by regulating the reaction temperature during the synthesis of a-Se. The surfaces of these a-Se colloids could be coated with conformal and smooth shells made of Pt and SiO2. The Se cores could then be remo…
The bending instability characteristics of double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNTs) of various configurations are studied using a hybrid approach in which the deformation-induced increase of the intratube interaction energy is modeled with the bending deformation energy using the elastic theory of beams. The intertube i…
Failures in drillstring threaded connections continue to afflict the oil industry at a cost of millions of dollars per year. In an attempt to reduce these failures the industry has generally adopted the fatigue-life-enhancing technique of cold rolling the threaded connections which act as stress concentrations. Howeve…
A magnetic shape memory effect occurring in a polycrystalline antiferromagnetic Mn85.5Fe9.5Cu5.0 (at. %) alloy is reported. The results show that because of a strong coupling between the antiferromagnetic transition and the fcc→fct martensitic transformation with (101) twinning in the alloy, its martensitic transforma…
In previous studies we have investigated octapeptides backbone-cyclized by (4-amino)phenyl azobenzoic acid (APB) or (4-aminomethyl)phenylazobenzoic acid (AMPB) and containing the active-site sequence Cys-Ala-Thr-Cys-Asp from the thioredoxin reductase. The conformational and redox properties of these peptides were stro…
This paper details the reacting paths involved during the oxidation of αII-Ni(OH) 2 and βII-Ni(OH) 2 with ozone, which is compared to the oxidation process conducted in aqueous solution. The main advantage of the ozone method lies in the control of the reaction medium steps owing to the feasibility of operating in the…
The acid properties of pure and modified silica surfaces were studied by 2-phenylethylamine (PEA) desorption in a thermogravimetric (TGA) apparatus, carrying out the experiments at different heating rates (5 < beta/(degrees C.min(-1)) < 30). The samples, containing about 13 wt % alumina, titania, and zirconia, were pr…
An efficient synthetic route was developed for the mild chloroacylation of chitosan with different chloroacyl chlorides. Full N-chloroacylation was obtained with this procedure without any O-acylation, and products having lower degrees of substitution can also be produced. Organo-soluble 6-O-triphenylmethylchitosan wa…
Vertically aligned ZnO nanowires were synthesized on sapphire through vapor deposition using Au as a catalyst. In addition to the nanowires, the sample surface contained a thin wetting layer of ZnO clusters. Spatially and spectrally resolved cathodoluminescence (CL) microscopy was applied to correlate the luminescent…
The local structure of two samples of vertically well-aligned ZnO nanorods with average diameters of 13 and 37nm were studied using orientation-dependent x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) at the Zn K edge. The aligned ZnO nanorod samples were fabricated on sapphire (0001) substrates with a catalyst-free metalorga…