Materials Literature
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Purification of naphthalene from naphthalene-rich oil of coal tar distillates was explored by using the melt and solution crystallizations. The solid–liquid equilibrium of naphthalene–benzothiophene–methanol and naphthalene–benzothiophene systems were investigated. The crystal growth rates were characterized by supers…
A model of dipole fluid for ionic liquids similar to molten NaCl is proposed. The estimates for the critical parameters are obtained with the help of the van der Waals equation of state. The influence of the rotation on the characteristics of a dipole pair and the location of the critical point is discussed. The disso…
The three ligands 1,4,7-tris(cyanomethyl)-1,4,7-triazacyclononane (L1), 1,4,7-tris(2-cyanoethyl)-1,4,7-triazacyclononane (L2) and 1,4-bis(2-cyanoethyl)-7-methyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane (L3) have been treated with Cu(BF4)2·4H2O in refluxing MeOH to afford complexes [Cu(1)](BF4)2, [Cu(2)](BF4)2·H2O and [Cu(3)](BF4)2, re…
This review analyzes various ways by which the surfaces of clay particles and related minerals can be non‐covalently modified, as well as some of the analytical approaches with which these surface modifications can be measured and quantified. Among the principal methods of modification of the surface properties of cla…
Abstract Depolymerization of the biopolymer chitosan by an autoclaving process at 121°C and 15 psi was investigated using various treatments. Acetic acid was found to be the most effective solvent in decreasing chitosan viscosity among the six organic acids tested. The rate of viscosity decrease increased with increas…
Conventionally, the addition of sesquioxide cation dopants to ceria has been thought of as a class of almost model systems. The most important defect mechanism involves simple anion vacancy charge compensation with those vacancy defects associating themselves with the trivalent cation and being distributed randomly th…
A hyperbranched aromatic poly(amide−imide) was prepared by the copolymerization of 4-(3,5-dicarboxyphenoxy)phthalic anhydride, a B‘B 2 type monomer, and 1,4-phenylenediamine, an A 2 type monomer. The rapid reaction between the anhydride and amino group led to the formation of the dominant imide intermediate which can…
Using density-functional theory we have calculated the equilibrium geometries and binding energies of a CO monolayer adsorbed on the nonpolar (1010) and the polar (0001)-Zn and (0001)-O surfaces of ZnO. Different adsorption sites and CO orientations were considered, and for the polar surfaces the influence of a hydrog…
Abstract The purpose of this work was to study how viscose fiber behaves in polypropylene (PP) matrix when maleated polypropylene (MAPP) is used as a coupling agent. The influences of processing conditions on composite properties was of interest. Composites were characterized by FTIR and mechanical testing. The most n…
Growth rates and morphologies of thin (0.1−2 μm) and thick (30 μm) films of miscible poly(ε-caprolactone)/poly(vinyl chloride) (PCL/PVC) blends have been investigated. Under isothermal crystallization, PCL growth rates decrease in blend films thinner than 1 μm. However, in pure PCL films, no growth rate dependence is…
A composite membrane was prepared by chemical polymerization of a thin layer of polyaniline (PANI) in the presence of high oxidant concentration on a single face of a sulfonated cation-exchange membrane (Neosepta CMX from Tokuyama Soda Inc.). The CMX−PANI composite membrane was characterized as a function of the polym…
Absorption and steady-state emission spectra and time-resolved luminescence decays have been recorded for CdS nanoparticles prepared using the reverse-micelle method. Spectra were collected in hexane solution, with the surfactant AOT as stabilizer. The emission spectra of these particles are characteristic of trap-sta…
Nanosized beta carbon nitride (β-C 3 N 4 ), of grain size several tens of nanometres, has been synthesized by mechanochemical reaction processing. The low-cost synthetic method developed facilitates the novel and effective synthesis of nanosized crystalline β-C 3 N 4 ( a = 6.36 Å, c = 4.648 Å) powders. The graphite po…
Abstract Nanostructure of poly(ethylene‐ co ‐vinyl acetate)/organically modified montmorillonite (MMT; EVA/organoclay) nanocomposites prepared by melt intercalation process was investigated using X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Three kinds of organoclays were used to see their influ…
Abstract PAMAM dendrimers functionalized with nitronyl nitroxide radicals were characterized. Quantitative determination of substitution with radicals was performed using EPR and electrochemical methods. The study of the 1 H NMR relaxation of the surrounding water showed how the outer‐sphere contribution to the relaxi…
Inorganic nanostructures that interface with biological systems have recently attracted widespread interest in biology and medicine. Nanoparticles are thought to have potential as novel luminescent probes for both diagnostic (e.g., imaging) and therapeutic (e.g., drug delivery) purposes because of their size comparabl…
Orchestia cavimana is a terrestrial crustacean, which cyclically stores calcium in diverticula of the midgut, in the form of calcified amorphous concretions. These concretions are associated with a proteinaceous matrix, the main constituent of the soluble matrix is Orchestin, an acidic calcium-binding protein [Testeni…
Linear dynamic viscoelastic properties of functionalized block copolymer/organoclay nanocomposites were investigated. The organoclay employed (Cloisite 30B, Southern Clay Products) is natural clay modified with methyl, tallow, bis(2-hydroxyethyl), quaternary ammonium chloride (MT2EtOH). Nanocomposites were prepared by…
Surface‐modified nanoparticles have received much attention as drug carriers. Natural and synthetic polymers are used as the materials to prepare nanoparticles and the properties of these nanoparticles originate with these polymeric materials. In particular, these nanoparticles are modified for specific objectives. Th…
Designed as a basic and introductory reference, this book not only addresses stainless steels in the light of their resistance to corrosion for which they are more commonly recognised, but also explains the wide range of other useful properties attributable to the various and specific categories of these alloys. This…