Materials Literature
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Optical emission spectra (OES) from CH4/N2 rf plasmas, which are used for the deposition of nitrogen-containing hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H:N) thin films, have been characterized. Previously unidentified spectral lines have been assigned to atomic N. Further identified species include CH, H, H2, N2, N+2, N, a…
Previous simulation studies of localized low-frequency vibrational modes in a soft sphere glass are extended to larger samples. We find a boson peak in the spectral density and a maximum in the specific heat divided by ${\mathit{T}}^{3}$ similar to experiment. These maxima are caused by (quasi)localized vibrations. Fo…
Ultrafine crystalline spinel powder has been prepared using flame spray pyrolysis of alcoholic solutions of a novel double alkoxide precursor. The particles produced are spherical, dense, single crystals with diameters of 10–100 nm and specific surface areas ranging from 40 to 60 m 2 /g. Powder production rates of 50–…
This work investigated the barrier properties of metalorganic chemical-vapor-deposited (CVD) tantalum nitride (TaN) and physical-vapor-deposited (PVD) TaN between Cu and Si. The CVD TaN film had a preferred orientation (200) with a grain size of around 60 nm, while the PVD TaN had a (111) preferred orientation with a…
The first dendritic liquid crystalline polymer (DLCP) , consisting of a flexible, second‐generation dendritic carbosilane scaffold substituted with 36 rid cyanobiphenyl groups (see Figure), has been prepared. The synthesis and characterization of the mesophase are reported as an initial approach to determining how the…
It was observed that the dielectric permittivity of ${\mathrm{PbMg}}_{1/3}$${\mathrm{Nb}}_{2/3}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ (PMN) relaxor ceramics increases with increasing amplitude of the applied ac field. A strong nonlinearity occurs at temperatures where the frequency dispersion of the dielectric response is observed. A si…
Abstract The electrical resistivity and morphology of polypropylene/nylon (PP/Ny) immiscible blends incorporated with carbon black (CB) were studied. CB was found to be preferentially located in the Ny phase or upon the Ny/PP interface. Blends with a co‐continuous phase morphology depicted especially low resistivity v…
The fabrication of gated diamond field-emission cathodes is described and a theory of their operation is discussed. These cathodes are made using commercial diamond grit with the addition of Ni and Cs salts to enhance emission. The resulting structure resembles a field-emission Spindt cathode with the internal metal c…
peer reviewed
Substrate‐type planar solid oxide fuel cells with an effective electrode area of 10 cm 2 and reference electrodes were fabricated and run for 211 and 1015 h to investigate Ni‐YSZ anode degradation. An Ni‐YSZ anode degradation of 14 μV/h at a current density of 0.3 A/cm 2 was determined by impedance analysis. Mercury p…
The macroscopic dielectric function in the random-phase-approximation without local field effect has been implemented using the local density approximation with an all electron, full-potential linear muffin-tin orbital basis-set. This method is used to investigate the optical properties of the semiconductors Si, Ge, a…
A minimal model is constructed for two-dimensional fracture propagation. The heterogeneous process zone is presumed to suppress stress relaxation rate, leading to non-quasistatic behavior. Using the Yoffe solution, I construct and solve a dynamical equation for the tip stress. I discuss a generic tip velocity response…
Ca2+ compartments, Ca2+ transport and the calcification process were studied by using 45Ca as a tracer. The biological model used was clones of Stylophora pistillata developed into microcolonies whose skeleton is entirely covered by tissues, thus avoiding direct radioisotope exchange between the sea water and the skel…
ABSTRACT Fish myofibrillar protein‐based biopackagings were developed from a film‐forming solution cast on plates. Film thickness was modulated by variations in “apparent thickness” of the cast solution to evaluate effects on the main functional properties. The thickness variations seemed to have no influence on optic…
Factors that contribute to the uncertainty in quantitative analyses of surfaces by x-ray photoemission spectroscopy and Auger electron spectroscopy are considered. Quantification is usually based on the convenient but quite arbitrary assumption that the sample is homogeneous within the outermost few nanometers. This a…
When metals are cooled, they often undergo a phase transition to a state exhibiting a new type of order. Metals such as iron and nickel become ferromagnetic below temperatures of several hundred degrees Celsius; electron spins order to produce a net magnetization in zero field. Other metals, such as lead and aluminum,…
Effective thermophysical properties of ceramic materials (mainly insulating materials) with porosity (II) >30% are reviewed. Nonmonotonic pressure and temperature dependences of the effective thermal conductivity (X) are analyzed, based on the ceramic microstructure (pores, cracks, and grain boundaries present in m…
The effect of filler content and size on the mechanical properties of a new type of wood-based filler, oil palm wood flour (OPWF), in polypropylene (PP) was investigated. Four sizes of OPWF filler at different filler loadings were compounded using a twin screw compounder. All sizes of filler showed a similar trend of…
For type-Ib diamond neutron irradiated and annealed at 900\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C, it has been found that the nitrogen vacancy (NV) center is reduced in density with increasing irradiation in the dose range above a certain value, and instead the 575 and 594 nm centers appear abruptly. This fact is interpr…
Thin films of the cubic spinel were prepared by the sol‐gel route from a Co(II) sulfate precursor using a dip‐coating technique. The films (50 to 60 nm thick) were deposited on indium‐tin oxide glass substrates with a single dipping. The electrochromic properties of the films were studied in an aqueous alkaline electr…