Materials Literature
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A general route for the synthesis of homogeneous mixed-element oxides, based on the use of block polyalkylene oxide copolymers and single-source molecular precursors, is described. Thermolytic decomposition of the molecular precursors in the presence of an anhydrous solution of the block copolymer (in toluene) led to…
Rhodamine 6G-doped mesostructured silica is prepared by an acidic sol−gel route using poly- b -poly(propylene oxide)- b -poly(ethylene oxide) (EO x −PO y −EO x ) block copolymer surfactants. Using low-refractive-index ( n ∼ 1.2) mesoporous SiO 2 as a support, the synthesis is combined with soft lithography to produce…
SERS spectroscopy requires the illumination of delicate metal structures with intense laser light. In the present paper, the effect of laser illumination on these structures is investigated for silver island films and silver films over alumina particles in focused laser beams and at the tip of fiber-optic SERS sensors…
The role of flexibility on the liquid crystal isotropic-nematic phase transition has been studied by means of Monte Carlo simulation. We present equations of state for the isotropic-nematic branches and, in the isotropic phase, numerically calculated values for the virial coefficients B2, B3, and B4. We have studied t…
Diatoms are potentially the most important biomonitors of environmental change in high arctic lakes and ponds, but to date few autecological data are available. Because of the shallow nature of many of these water bodies, a large proportion of taxa are periphytic and planktonic diatoms are absent for the most part. By…
Contact angle measurements have been widely used to estimate the surface energy of various materials. Such measurements are severely limited with substrate surfaces that exhibit surface restructuring, are contaminated, and/or are porous. Although the captive bubble/drop method addresses the capillarity problem, surfac…
We study the monodomain (single-crystal) nematic elastomer materials, all side-chain siloxane polymers with the same mesogenic groups and crosslinking density, but differing in the type of crosslinking. Increasing the proportion of long di-functional segments of main-chain nematic polymer, acting as network crosslinki…
The non-equilibrium tunnel transport processes are considered in a square lattice of metallic nanogranules embedded into insulating host. Based on a simple model with three possible charging states (+,-, or 0) of a granule and three kinetic processes (creation or recombination of a +- pair, and charge transfer) betwee…
We have employed the multiple image method to compute the interparticle force for a polydisperse electrorheological (ER) fluid in which the suspended particles can have various sizes and different permittivites. The point-dipole (PD) approximation being routinely adopted in computer simulation of ER fluids is shown to…
An extension of the Burton-Cabrera-Frank model [Phil. Trans. R. Soc. London, Ser. A 243, 299 (1951)] including diffusion along steps and entropic step-step interaction is introduced. This extended model is successfully applied to simulate experiments done in the group of H.-J. Ernst at CEA Saclay, France, for vicinal…
The electron theory of metals describes how electrons are responsible for the bonding of metals and subsequent physical, chemical and transport properties. This textbook gives a complete account of electron theory in both periodic and non-periodic metallic systems. The author presents an accessible approach to the the…
Abstract The effects of water, sorbitol and a sucrose fatty acid ester (SE) on the water sorption behaviour and thermal and mechanical properties of pullulan‐based edible films as well as the physiological responses of fruit coated with pullulan have been studied. Incorporation of sorbitol or SE in pullulan films resu…
Small-diameter (ca. 0.7 nm) single-wall carbon nanotubes are predicted to display enhanced reactivity relative to larger-diameter nanotubes due to increased curvature strain. The derivatization of these small-diameter nanotubes via electrochemical reduction of a variety of aryl diazonium salts is described. The estima…
The tensile mechanical behavior of a short carbon fiber filled liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) composite, Vectra A230, was examined under static extension and dynamic loading at three temperatures. Dynamic tension was applied using a pendulum-type tensile spilt Hopkinson bar device. Specimens fabricated according to…
In recent years polymer alloys or polymer blends have become one of the most widely used material in engineering application. To improve the reliability of the materials, extensive studies are required on their fracture behaviors under general loading conditions. Polycarbonate (PC)/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS…
Rhombic triacontahedral-type icosahedral quasicrystal and its 1/1 and 2/1 approximants in Al-Mg-Zn alloy system were systematically studied by means of positron-annihilation lifetime measurements and positron-annihilation lifetime and Doppler-broadening measurements using the slow-positron-beam technique. We could suc…
While the chain conformation of poly- and oligo[(R)-3-hydroxybutanoate] (PHB, OHB) is known to be 21- and 31-helical in stretched fibers and in the crystalline state, respectively (Fig. 2), the structure in solution is unknown. To be able to determine the NMR-solution structure, specifically labeled linear oligomers h…
We compute three-body depletion interactions in a hard-sphere mixture within the framework of density-functional theory and by considering the infinite dilution limit of the functional. The results look very accurate and show three-body interactions much smaller than the pair depletion ones, revealing that these are s…
Three bis-axially ligated complexes of iron(III) octaethyltetraphenylporphyrin, (OETPP)Fe(III), have been prepared, which are low-spin complexes, each with two axial nitrogen-donor ligands (N-methylimidazole (N-MeIm), 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (4-NMe(2)Py), and 2-methylimidazole (2-MeImH)). The crystal and molecular s…
Time-dependent density-functional theory (TDDFT) excitation energies are calculated for ${\mathrm{Zn}}_{i}{\mathrm{S}}_{i}$ global minima clusters, $i=1--9.$ The geometry of the global minima is ringlike for $i=1--5$ and three-dimensional (3D) spheroidlike for $i=6--9.$ In general, the calculated excitations happen fr…