Materials Literature
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The modeling of the elastic properties of disordered or nanoscale solids requires the foundations of the theory of elasticity to be revisited, as one explores scales at which this theory may no longer hold. The only cases for which microscopically based derivations of elasticity are documented are (nearly) uniformly s…
The onset of surface fluidization of granular material in a vertically vibrated container, z=A cos(ωt), is studied experimentally. Recently, for a column of spheres it has been theoretically found that the particles lose contact if a certain condition for the acceleration amplitude \ddot{z} \equiv Aω^2/g = f(ω) holds.…
In this letter, we report a method to fabricate nano-column arrays with different shapes and in-plane orientations by glancing angle deposition. By changing the rate of the rotation during each revolution, we can fabricate nano-columns with circular, elliptical, triangle, rectangular, and pentagon shapes. Depending on…
The ferroelectric ceramic ${\mathrm{BaFe}}_{0.5}{\mathrm{Nb}}_{0.5}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ (BFN) is synthesized by a solid-state reaction technique. The x-ray-diffraction of the sample at room temperature shows a monoclinic phase. The field dependences of the dielectric response and the conductivity are measured in a freque…
The adsorption of several prehydrolyzed alkoxysilanes onto the surface of cellulosic fibers in ethanol/water mixtures has been studied quantitatively. The corresponding isotherms show the formation of a monolayer followed by further adsorption. The nature of the fourth substituent on the silane plays a specific role o…
Preface. Acknowledgements. Introduction. 1. Optical Properties: Light Scattering. 2. Rheology. 3. Kinetic and Statistical Properties. 4. Particle Sizing. 5. Processing Methods for Making Emulsions and Suspensions. 6. Liquid Surfaces and Interfaces. 7. Liquid/Solid Interfaces. 8. Theories of Surface and Interfacial Ene…
The helical ribbon and double-layered nanotubular structures of the titanium dioxide were created by sol−gel polymerization of Ti(OiPr)4] using 1 as a template in 1-butanol. All TiO2 nanotubes consist of two layers, 8−9 nm of nanospace between layers. In addition, the helicity of the helical ribbon titanium dioxide sh…
Abstract Plant fibers are rich in cellulose and they are a cheap, easily renewable source of fibers with the potential for polymer reinforcement. The presence of surface impurities and the large amount of hydroxyl groups make plant fibers less attractive for reinforcement of polymeric materials. Hemp, sisal, jute, and…
Cathodoluminescence degradation measurements showed that by applying a nanometer-scale indium tin oxide (ITO) coating on micron-sized ZnS:Ag particles, the degradation lifetime was dramatically improved. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis showed that the Zn 2p3/2 and S 2p peaks of the electron beam irradi…
Electromagnetic levitation was used to melt and solidify containerlessly Nd–Fe–B alloys. A method was developed to reduce and evaporate stable solid Nd oxides at the surface of the liquid samples. The oxides otherwise limit the undercoolability of the highly reactive Nd-based alloys. In such a way, undercoolings up to…
Abstract The aim of this article is to show a new method of copolymerizing glycolide and caprolactone with the low‐toxicity zirconium(IV) acetylacetonate and zirconium(IV) chloride as initiators. Such initiators enabled us to obtain copolymers with very good efficiency and good mechanical properties. The reactivity of…
In this letter, we demonstrate rapid decomposition in Ge-doped SiO2 glass under high-energy electron irradiation, and comment on possible mechanisms for the interaction of the electron-beam with the glass. Nanometer-scale modifications in Ge-doped SiO2 glasses can be obtained by the redistribution of Ge in the glasses…
Crystalline films of tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum(III) (Alq) have been grown on poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) substrates. The nucleating ability of the PTFE substrate, which relies on a specific molecular structure, is discussed. The Figure shows the film morphology of a 15 nm Alq film deposited onto an orient…
The energy landscape approach has been useful to help understand the dynamic properties of supercooled liquids and the connection between these properties and thermodynamics. The analysis in numerical models of the inherent structure (IS) trajectories-the set of local minima visited by the liquid-offers the possibilit…
Nanocomposite Sm2Co17–Cu particles have been fabricated by low energy comilling of mechanically alloyed Sm2Co17 particles with Cu nanoparticles. The x-ray diffraction analyses show that the diffraction crystallite size (DCS) of Sm2Co17 decreases with increasing comilling time. Scanning and transmission electron micros…
A novel catalytic process for the oxidation of phenol to dihydroxybenzene with hydrogen peroxide was developed in which copper–12-silicotungstic acid was used as catalyst in aqueous solution. The maximal conversion of phenol is ca. 39%, which is much higher than the results in acetonitrile reported previously.
Carbon nanotubes prepared from core–shell polymer particles are reported. As depicted in the Figure, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) core/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) shell microspheres are blended with a PMMA matrix, spun, and elongated. Then the shell is stabilized and finally carbonized to produce contaminant-free carbon…
Flexible, swellable organosilica tubes are the most remarkable new mesophase generated by co-hydrolysis of tetraalkylammonium-substituted trimethoxysilanes and TEOS. The composites self-organize into lamellar layers or hexagonal tubules, whose elastic walls allow the uptake of anionic or lipophilic species. The hexago…
Based on the optic and dielectric data acquired under different mechanical and electric conditions and temperature, we show that an orthorhombic phase exists near the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) (on both the rhombohedral and tetragonal sides of MPB). Because of the proximity of the free energy of this phase to t…
The treatment of [Ln(hfac)3(H2O)2] (Ln(III) = Y, Nd–Lu) with IM-2py (2-(2-pyridyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1H-imidazolyl-1-oxyl) readily gave a series of novel rare earth or lanthanide radical complexes [Ln(hfac)3(IM-2py)]. The molecular structures of the Sm, Gd, Dy, Er and Yb complexes have been determined to be bicapped…