Materials Literature
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It is found that the pore microstructures of textile fabrics, widely used in the manufacture of fiber-reinforced composites, exhibit the fractal characters. The fractal behaviors are described by the proposed analytical method and measured by the box-counting method for the three different types of textile fabrics: pl…
We have observed capillary condensation in nanometer-thin films of nematic liquid crystals using force spectroscopy. The liquid crystal was confined to a submicron gap between a flat substrate and a microsphere, attached to the cantilever of an atomic force microscope. A long-ranged and strongly attractive force due t…
Semi-aromatic polyimides (PIs) possessing simultaneously a low dielectric constant ( K) and low linear coefficient of thermal expansion ( CTE) were molecularly-designed. Two PI systems were focused on, i.e. the s-BPDA/CHDA polyimide derived from 3,3′,4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride with trans-1,4-cyclohexaned…
Grain boundary engineering (GBE) involves the use of microstructural design to improve bulk material properties and enhance resistance to intergranular degradation. More specifically, the patented GBE procedure involves the design and control of fcc metallic microstructures using thermomechanical treatments and grain…
An extensive investigation of the magnetic properties of three series of biradicals (bis-nitronyl nitroxides diNN-R, bis-imino nitroxides diIN-R and mixed INNN-R, where R is either hydrogen, a triple bond or trimethylsilylacetylenic group) has been carried out to give clear values of the intramolecular interactions th…
Abstract Fringe‐field switching device with negative liquid crystal (LC) was known to exhibit high transmittance and wide viewing angle simultaneously. Recently we have developed “Ultra‐FFS” device with positive LC, exhibiting high transmittance, color shift free, high contrast ratio in wide range, no crosstalk and fa…
Shikimate kinase, despite low sequence identity, has been shown to be structurally a member of the nucleoside monophosphate (NMP) kinase family, which includes adenylate kinase. In this paper we have explored the roles of residues in the P-loop of shikimate kinase, which forms the binding site for nucleotides and is o…
Abstract The objective of this work was to prepare series of reduced-charge materials from different parent Li-saturated dioctahedral smectites, to investigate the effects of temperature, chemical composition and charge location in smectites on the charge reduction and to characterize reduced-charge smectites (RCSs) u…
This work deals with the dielectric properties of conductive composite materials, which consist of thermoplastic polypropylene (PP) matrix filled with carbon black (CB). The CB concentration was systematically varied in a wide range. Our main interest is focused on the investigation of electrical conductivity mechanis…
It is shown that the destruction of the cycloidal structure of the magnetic ferroelectric BiFeO3 by a high magnetic field (Hn≈200 kOe) leads to the onset of a linear magnetoelectric effect and the appearance of a toroidal moment. The proof of the existence of a toroidal moment T in a high magnetic field (H>Hn)…
Perovskite materials — particularly of the LaM03 type, where M is typically a transition metal — have in increasing numbers been found to posse
A sol–gel method was employed to produce a zinc oxide (ZnO) colloid consisting of ZnO nanocrystalline particles with an average diameter of ∼3 nm, and subsequently mixed with a silica (SiO2) colloid. The mixture was finally spray dried to form a powder nanocomposite. It was found that the green photoluminescence (PL)…
The silk proteins, fibroin and sericin, are produced in the silk gland of Bombyx mori, and hydrophilic sericin envelops fibroin with successive sticky layers in the formation of a cocoon. To study the biological functions of sericin, we focused on the serine-rich sericin peptide consisting of 38 amino acids, which is…
Abstract The melting behaviour of melt‐crystallized nylon 10,12 was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD). The results show that all nylon 10,12 crystals obtained under various conditions, including isothermal, non‐isothermal and stepwise crystallization, and a…
Everyday, we are subjected to a powerful carcinogen as we go about our daily activities. Whenever we walk in the sun, ultraviolet light (UV) attacks our DNA, making chemical changes that corrupt our genetic information. Fortunately, the most dangerous UV light never reaches us at all: the ozone in the upper atmosphere…
Barnacle cement is an underwater adhesive that is used for permanent settlement, and is an insoluble protein complex. A method for rendering soluble the cement of Megabalanus rosa has been developed, and three major proteins have been identified in a previous study. To survey the M. rosa cement proteins in a lower mol…
A novel optical pH sensor for the physiological rangehas been developed by these authors. The fluorescence emitted (in a pH-independent manner) by dye-doped polymer nanobeads is modulated by a thin conductive polymer coating (see Figure), whose visible-light absorption strongly varies with pH at values around seven.
Scutched and hackled long flax fibres varying in retting degree, namely green, under-retted and normally retted flax, and elementary fibres were tested for their mechanical and thermal properties. Tensile tests were performed on individual fibres and on bundles. The thermal stability is evaluated with thermogravimetri…
A detailed analysis of the lipids of spider silk is given for the first time. Extracts of the silk from the golden orb weaver, Nephila clavipes, were studied by gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, and chemical derivatizations. The major group of the lipids consisted of methyl-branched 1-methoxyalkanes (methyl ether…
Electronically conducting polyanion and polycation based on poly(alkoxythiophene) derivatives, poly-3-(3'-thienyloxy)propanesulfonate (P3TOPS) and poly-3-(3'-thienyloxy)propyltriethylammonium (P3TOPA) have been synthesized. Both polymers are water-soluble and exhibit high conjugation length in solution and in the soli…