Materials Literature
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The high intensity of concentrated solar radiation obtained with the Odeillo (France) solar furnace facilities can be used to produce carbon nanotubes by direct vaporization of carbon bi-metal targets under inert gas atmosphere. Electron microscope pictures and Raman spectra show that the structure of the produced car…
A method that permits aberration correction and wave-front reshaping with a diffractive optical element (DOE) is described. Two aligned DOE's made of two different dispersive materials are used. The different dispersions of the two materials in addition to freedom in choosing their thicknesses enables the chromatic ab…
Abstract Numerous factors can modify the visibility or the actual dimensions of the skin microrelief and wrinkles. To quantify these changes, several methods, including clinical and non‐invasive ones, have been proposed. This article reviews the advantages et drawbacks of all of them and lists some experimental recomm…
The structural phase transitions and the electrical behaviour of the complex perovskite PbLu1/2Nb1/2O3 have been investigated using X-ray powder diffraction, dielectric constant measurements, differential scanning calorimetry and measurement of the polarisation as a function of applied electric field. The high-tempera…
When probe chains are dispersed in a network or higher molecular weight matrix, the expectation from the reptation model is that the terminal relaxation function will narrow, due to suppression of constraint release. Previous experiments found no support for this prediction, although they relied on time−temperature su…
X-ray powder diffraction data for κ- Al 2 O 3 are reported. It was concluded that κ- Al 2 O 3 belongs to the orthorhombic crystal system with space group Pna 2 1 . The lattice parameters were found to be a =4.8351(3) Å, b =8.3109(5) Å, c =8.9363(3) Å. There are 16 Al 3+ and 24 O 2− in the unit cell, and thus the numbe…
The inhibiting effect of octadecyclamine (ODA) on chloride induced localized corrosion of austenitic stainless steel type 1.4541 (AISI 321) is described at temperatures from 150 °C and 250 °C indeaerated aqueous solutions with chloride concentrations up to 10- 1 M. Results of electrochemical (current-potentiAl-curves,…
Abstract Polarized infrared (IR) microspectrometry was used to measure the changes in infrared absorption resulting from the molecular orientation of single textile fibers. Dichroic ratios were determined from single experimental fibers subjected to incremental elongation from an unstretched to a stretched condition.…
“Raw” chicken feathers directly from a processing plant were washed with detergent and dried. Cleaned feathers were mechanically worked to separate fibrous material from the quills and ultimately classified into two components: a fibrous material suitable for further textile processing, and a residue containing large…
Abstract PVC has a significant tendency to degrade under γ irradiation. Therefore, considerable efforts have been made to improve its γ‐radiation stability. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent results in this area, with a special emphasis on the improvement of color stability of PVC‐based materials used…
This paper reports an analysis both by coincidence site lattice (CSL) categorisation and interface–plane categorisation of a large data set of grain boundary geometry in nickel. The analysis showed that whereas two-thirds of Σ3 and Σ9 CSLs were classed as having ‘special’ geometry (i.e. related to low energy), very fe…
The influence of microcells and galvanic macrocells on the corrosion kinetics of concrete-embedded steel was investigated experimentally. Nine stainless steel/carbon steel coplanar macrocouples in cathodic-to-anodic ratios of 0.02 to 50 were cast in concrete slabs made from cement, sand, and water in a 1:3:0.5 proport…
In this study, a novel procedure to increase the yield of the non-crosslinked, photoconductive, white form of linear poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (LPVCz) is reported. The yield of LPVCz is increased (up to 53%) by the addition of catalytic amounts of ceric ammonium nitrate as an oxidant during the electrochemical polymeriza…
A (NH4)2Sx-treated InSb(001) surface has been studied by using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, low-energy electron diffraction, and inverse photoemission spectroscopy (IPES). A thick sulfide layer is formed on the as-treated and annealed surfaces at less than about 400 °C. The thickness of the sulfide layer is estim…
The silicon-free end member of the hydrogrossular solid solution series, katoite Ca 3 Al 2 [(OH) 4 ] 3 , was synthesized in a solid-media, piston-cylinder apparatus. The enthalpy of formation from the component oxides was measured by high-temperature oxide melt calorimetry and found to be ΔHf = 2255.6 ± 12.2 kJ/mol; t…
This paper focuses on the uptake of SO 2 on soot at temperatures below room temperature. Oxidation on soot may provide a mechanism for the oxidation of atmospheric SO 2 under conditions when the standard gas‐phase and aqueous‐phase mechanisms cannot explain the rapid rate of H 2 SO 4 production. An understanding of th…
New 1,4-naphthyl and 2,6-naphthyl-containing polyarylates having inherent viscosities up to 1.28 dL/g were synthesized by the high-temperature solution polycondensation from the acid chloride of 1,4-bis(4-carboxyphenoxy)naphthyl or 2,6-bis(4-carboxyphenoxy)naphthyl and various bisphenols. Most of the resulting polyary…
A direct comparison of the magnetic structures of a surface layer and of the bulk of Ba-M-type hexagonal ferrites with iron ions partially replaced by Sc diamagnetic ions (BaFe 12− x Sc x O 19 ) has been made by simultaneous Mössbauer spectroscopy with detection of gamma rays, characteristic x-ray emission, and electr…
We studied the dependence of optical constants and microstructures of (GeTe) x (Sb 2 Te 3 ) 1- x films on composition to determine the optimal composition of phase change recording materials. The maximal differences in optical constants between crystalline and amorphous phases and the minimal crystalline grain sizes o…
Electrophoretic deposition of low voltage phosphors was successfully carried out on patterned indium–tin–oxide glass in order to develop prototype full color field emission display devices. The optimized suspension consisted of 2–3 μm size color phosphors in isopropyl alcohol, and mixed La(NO3)2 and Al(NO3)2 salts for…