Materials Literature
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High-resolution Brillouin scattering studies of the antiferroelectric phase transition in $\mathrm{CsBi}({\mathrm{MoO}}_{4}{)}_{2}$ have been performed in the temperature range 360--150 K giving information about the temperature dependence of the acoustic phonons propagating in the [100], [010], and [001] directions a…
By using a series expression of effective dielectric function ${\ensuremath{\varepsilon}}_{\mathrm{eff}},$ the optical properties of $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ aligned carbon nanotubes arranged in a square array are investigated. The frequency dependence of the effective dielectric function is studied for various ratios $\…
Metal film over nanosphere (MFON) electrodes are excellent substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy. These surfaces are produced by vapor deposition of a metal film over nanospheres that are assembled in a hexagonally close packed arrangement. The efficiency and reproducibility of AgFON ele…
First-principles total-energy calculations on the hexagonal close-packed (hcp) states of bulk elemental copper have been made with a full-potential electronic-structure program within both the local-density approximation and the generalized gradient approximation. The epitaxial Bain path shows the existence of two ene…
Image analysis has been employed to measure the luster of hair simulated by light reflected from a curved hair tress. Hair samples (up to four) were mounted side-by-side in a special sample holder in the form of a cylinder and illuminated by a uniform beam of white light. Digital images of hair tresses were captured w…
The first structural data for [Fe(phen)(2)(NCSe)(2)] (obtained using the extraction method of sample preparation) in its high-spin, low-spin and LIESST induced metastable high-spin states have been recorded using synchrotron radiation single crystal diffraction. The space group for all of the spin states was found to…
Electron magnetic resonance (EMR) measurements were employed for studying the magnetic state of ${\mathrm{La}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{x}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ crystalline samples with $x=0.18,$ 0.20, and 0.22. It is shown that EMR spectra of ${\mathrm{La}}_{0.82}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{0.18}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ and ${\ma…
Ge nanocrystals formed in a SiO 2 matrix by ion implantation were studied by Raman spectroscopy. It is shown that Raman analysis based on the phonon confinement model yields a successful explanation of the peculiar characteristics resulting from the nanocrystals. A broadening and a shift in the Raman peak are expected…
The magnetic and transport properties of the ${\mathrm{Pr}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{x}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ system were studied at the characteristic points of the phase diagram corresponding to the ferromagnetic insulating and charge-ordered antiferromagnetic states. The magnetization M and resistivity $\ensur…
Photodynamic molecular architectures have been synthesized by covalent fixation of a photoisomerizable dimethylazobenzene group at two fixed points of conformationally flexible pi-conjugated quater- and sexithiophene chains. Theoretical geometry optimization shows, in excellent agreement with crystallographic structur…
Sol–gel derived titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) films are prepared on silicon substrates using the method of spin-coating with different speeds from 1000 to 6000 rpm. Spectroscopic ellipsometric measurements provide dispersion of the refractive index and extinction coefficient within the wavelength range of 300–1000 nm. The…
Using molecular dynamics simulations we study the interactions between elongated colloidal particles (length to breath ratio >>1) in a nematic host. The simulation results are compared to the results of a Landau-de Gennes elastic free energy. We find that depletion forces dominate for the sizes of the colloidal partic…
Here we report on the study of ZnS and X-doped ZnS (with 4 at% of X = Al, Sn) thin films, prepared by spray pyrolysis technique using chloride precursors. Cathodoluminescence imaging and spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, x-ray energy dispersive spectrometry and spectrophotometry have been used for their characterizatio…
$\ensuremath{\beta}\ensuremath{-}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{2}$ has a well-known screw type magnetic structure. According to Yoshimori [J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 14, 807 (1959)] the pitch of this screw is exactly $\frac{7}{2}c.$ We performed neutron powder diffraction measurements which show that the pitch of the screw is about 4% shor…
Seeing red: A new methodology for the on-bead screening of proteins has been developed with the aid of red-emitting quantum dots. Use of this nanomaterial allowed a dual-color fluorescence assay to be developed that overcomes the limitation of the autofluorescence of TentaGel beads. The figure shows a positive control…
Convex and concave diffraction gratings are required for concentric imaging spectrometer forms. Direct-write electron-beam lithography has proven to be an effective method for fabricating high-efficiency blazed gratings on non-flat substrates. Recently fabricated convex gratings have demonstrated relative efficiency g…
New crown-appended cholesterol-based organogelators 1-3, which have one or two cholesterol skeletons as a chiral aggregate-forming site, two amino groups as an acidic proton binding site, and one crown moiety as a cation binding site, were synthesized, and the gelation ability was evaluated in organic solvents. These…
The order in a single layer of spherical domains of a block copolymer melt is investigated as a function of distance from the edges of the 15 microm wide, 30 nm deep wells that confine it along a substrate. At 255 degrees C the edge induces the formation of a hexatic phase whose orientational and translational order d…
Calmodulin (CaM) is a second messenger protein that has evolved to bind tightly to a variety of targets and, as such, exhibits low binding specificity. We redesigned CaM by using a computational protein design algorithm to improve its binding specificity for one of its targets, smooth muscle myosin light chain kinase…
One of the latest developments in electron microscopy is the environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM), which enables soft, moist and/or electrically insulating materials to be viewed without pre-treatment, unlike conventional scanning electron microscopy, in which specimens must be solid, dry and usually elec…