Materials Literature
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Abstract A program for quantitative evaluation of x‐ray photoelectron spectra has been developed to serve as a practical tool for surface chemists. The program uses the ‘classic’ approach of quantification and requires as input the integrated intensities of the measured XPS lines. The usual correction methods and fact…
Abstract The development of ‘user‐friendly’ surface analytical instrumentation has expanded the application of x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) towards softer and more complex composite materials. However, the knowledge of fundamental phenomena in practical, interdisciplinary applications is dearly needed. In th…
Abstract The effect of plasticizers, glycerol, sorbitol and poly(ethylene glycol) 400 (PEG 400), on mechanical and barrier properties of rice starch film has been investigated. Sorbitol‐ and glycerol‐plasticized starch films appeared homogeneous, clear, smooth, and contained less insoluble particles compared to unplas…
This study demonstrates a simple and highly reproducible method for fabricating well-defined nanostructured polymeric surfaces with aligned nanoembosses or nanofibers of controllable aspect ratios, showing remarkable structural similarity with interesting natural biostructures such as the wing surface of Cicada orni a…
Recent studies of the characteristics and mechanism of hydrogen related failure in steels are overviewed. Based on an analysis of the states of hydrogen in steels, the role of hydrogen in reducing ductile crack growth resistance is attributed to the increased creation of vacancies on straining. Cases showing the invol…
Abstract Polymer–multiwalled carbon nanotube composite films were fabricated using two types of polymer matrices, namely poly(vinyl alcohol), (PVA) and chlorinated polypropylene. In the first case, the PVA was observed to form a crystalline coating around the nanotubes, maximising interfacial stress transfer. In the s…
Abstract Sulfur-bridged octadehydro[20]annulene 1c annelated with two TTF rings was synthesized and its multi-functional properties were ascertained. The annulene exhibits paratropicity, solvatochromism, electrochromism and multi-redox potentials in solution, and its cation radical in the solid state shows self-associ…
Submonolayer thin films of a three-ring bent-core (that is, banana-shaped) compound, m -bis(4- n -octyloxystyryl)benzene ( m -OSB), were prepared by the vacuum-deposition method, and their morphologies, structures, and phase behavior were investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microsco…
The influence of Ni−Y catalyst composition on the bulk scale synthesis of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) is studied using solution phase near-infrared spectroscopy. We found that a wide range of catalyst concentrations (3−6 atom % Ni and 1−2 atom % Y), allow efficient production of high-purity as-prepared (AP-…
Assemblies of Au (core)−Pt (shell) nanoparticles were prepared by chemical deposition of Pt metal onto colloidal Au particles that self-assembled onto substrates, since PtCl 6 2 - may be reduced to Pt(0) by the mild reducing agent NH 2 OH in the presence of gold nanoparticles. It is shown that the Pt deposition is iso…
Nanoblended multilayer thin films were formed by the layer-by-layer assembly of poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) and a binary mixture of single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and poly(sodium styrenesulfonate) (PSS). UV−vis spectrophotometry was used as a facile means to determine the proportion of DNA and PS…
Heterometallic linear tetramers [Mn(5-R-saltmen)Ni(pao)(bpy)(2)](2)(ClO(4))(4) (5-R-saltmen(2-) = N,N'-1,1,2,2-tetramethylethylene bis(5-R-salicylideneiminate); pao(-) = pyridine-2-aldoximate; bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, R = H, 1; Cl, 2; Br, 3; MeO, 4) have been synthesized and structurally characterized. These compounds e…
We have performed density functional theory−generalized gradient approximation periodic calculations to study the formation of an oxygen vacancy on rutile-TiO 2 (110), rutile-SnO 2 (110), and MgO(100) surfaces assuming that the removed O atom remains adsorbed in the neighborhood of the vacancy (surface Schottky defect…
The variation of the lattice vibration of spinel lithium manganate upon chromium substitution has been investigated by performing a combinative micro-Raman and X-ray absorption spectroscopic (XAS) analysis. As the manganese ion in the spinel LiMn 2 - x Cr x O 4 is replaced by a chromium ion, the relative intensities o…
Sr 2 CeO 4 blue phosphor particles were prepared with an emulsion liquid membrane (ELM, water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) emulsion) system, which could be utilized as a microreactor for the preparation of size- and morphology-controlled fine particles. In the ELM system, Sr 2+ and Ce 3+ ions were extracted from the extern…
Nanochannel arrays with diameters as small as 30 nm and aspect ratios up to 250 were prepared on silicon platforms for the first time by electrochemistry, which is a fast, reproducible, and inexpensive technique. Ionic diffusion through the arrays was investigated in order to demonstrate the open nature of the channel…
The non-mesogenic ligand L 1, derived from a 1,7-diaza-18-crown ether, forms mesogenic complexes with Eu III and Tb III nitrates, Eu(NO 3 ) 3 L 1 ·0.25 H 2 O ( EuL 1 ) and Tb(NO 3 ) 3 L 1 ·1 THF ( TbL 1 ). Thermal analyses and polarized light microscopy data indicate the formation of a liquid-crystalline phase at 86 (…
Carbon nanotubes, mostly single- and double-walled, are prepared by a catalytic chemical vapor deposition method using H 2 −CH 4 atmospheres with different CH 4 contents. The maximum hydrogen storage at room temperatures and 10 MPa is 0.5 wt %. Contrary to expectations, purification of the carbon nanotube specimens by…
ε-Caprolactone was polymerized in bulk at 150 °C with either tetra(ethylene glycol) (TEG), 1,1,1-tris(hydroxymethyl)propane, or Pentaerythritol as initiator and bismuth(III) acetate Bi(OAc) 3 as catalyst. The reaction times needed for nearly quantitative conversion were determined. The polylactones isolated after prec…
An introductory series of conjugated siloleneethynylene co-oligomers has been prepared from a key 2-chloro-5-iodosilole intermediate via site-specific cross-coupling reactions. The tetramer (9) and pentamer (10) both exhibit absorption maxima matching those of the corresponding silole copolymers. Extinction coefficien…