Materials Literature
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The present paper proposes a model of relaxor ferroelectrics. which describes the polarization response of these materials in terms of vibration of the interphase boundary between the polar regions and nonpolar matrix. The model is formulated and is applied to explain various features of the polarization response of a…
Escherichia coli signal peptidase (SPase) and E. coli UmuD protease are members of an evolutionary clan of serine proteases that apparently utilize a serine-lysine catalytic dyad mechanism. Recently, the crystallographic structure of a SPase inhibitor complex was solved elucidating the catalytic residues and the subst…
Fenbufen is an analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory drug that is characterized by poor water solubility, a defect increased by very low wettability. Poor water solubility, particularly at low pH, could decrease absorption in the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract, which would be inconvenient for good bio…
Abstract A model is developed in this work for predicting the bubble size distribution in polyurethane foams generated by using water as a chemical blowing agent. The model combines equations of energy balance, kinetics of the reactions of isocyanate with water and polyol, and nucleation and growth of CO 2 bubbles. It…
Henry reactions have been performed for the first time with suitably activated Mg–Al hydrotalcite as catalyst in quantitative yields in the liquid phase under mild reaction conditions and with low reaction times. Exclusive synthesis of β-nitroalkanols (3) is realised by the compatible basic Brönsted hydroxy sites of t…
The first homologous series of liquid crystal tetramers in which four mesogenic groups are linked via three alkyl spacers has been synthesised and characterised. The length of the outer two spacers is varied from 3 to 12 methylene units while the central spacer is held at 8 methylene units. All the members of the seri…
The ferroelectric Curie temperature TC in ATiO3 perovskites is shown to increase linearly with the size variance of the A-site cation mixture [A = (Ba, Sr, Ca)] and this effect accounts for the unusual TC variation in the Ba1–xCaxTiO3 system.
Ion exchange experiments were carried out for the removal of trace caesium ( 137 Cs) and trace strontium ( 89 Sr) by different cationic forms of a titanosilicate analogue of the mineral pharmacosiderite. Selectivity factors were estimated by determining batch distribution coefficients (K d ) as a function of sodium, p…
The performances of a CCD detector have been evaluated in a wide spectral region, which ranges from the near IR to the soft x ray. Four different experimental setups have been used: a Czerny-Turner monochromator for the 1100-250-nm region, a normal-incidence Johnson-Onaka monochromator for the 250-30-nm region, a graz…
The mechanism of the O–O bond cleavage of tert-alkyl hydroperoxide by iron(III) porphyrin complexes has been studied using 2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-2-yl hydroperoxide (MPPH) as a mechanistic probe; the hydroperoxide O–O bond is cleaved both heterolytically and homolytically and partitioning between the two pathways sig…
Using a first-principles approach, the four phases of perovskite barium titanate are studied. We determine the lattice parameter, the bulk modulus and the cohesive energy of the cubic phase; the relaxed atomic positions in the three ferroelectric structures; and the evolution of the electronic properties from one phas…
The four magnon branches in the antiferromagnetic ground state of were measured by inelastic neutron scattering for two directions. On the basis of a model including isotropic Heisenberg exchange and uniaxial anisotropy, analytical expressions were derived for the dispersion relations in the spin-wave approximation us…
We present a review of our theoretical and experimental investigations of the domain engineering aspects of domain structure development. Particular attention is paid to the processes governing the fabrication of periodic domain patterns.
By combining the thermodynamic classification of Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Ferroics and the corresponding symmetry-allowed or symmetry-forbidden driving forces for domain switching and reorientation, with a classification of Aizu's 773 species (prototype/ferroic phase point group pairs) into 30 ensembles of prop…
A double hexapole corrector system was constructed for compensation of the spherical aberration of the objective lens of a transmission electron microscope. By implementing this system on a commercial 200 kV instrument with a field emission gun, the spherical aberration correction was demonstrated and an improvement o…
We report measurements of the magnetic and electrical properties of sintered manganites of the form . We find that the peak in the conductivity moves rapidly to lower temperatures as the chromium content is increased and is completely absent for x > 0.2. The Curie temperature, as determined by magnetization measuremen…
Based on an example of the dissolution process of calcium apatites, a new chemical approach to elaboration of basic dissolution mechanisms of inorganic solids in liquids at the atomic (ionic) level has been proposed and discussed The approach is based on experimental results on the surface state analysis, passed throu…
The thermal behaviour of synthetic hydrotalcites, Mg6Al2(OH)16CO3·nH2O and Mg4Zn2Al2(OH)16CO3·nH2O, was studied by thermogravimetric analysis and infrared emission spectroscopy. The Mg/Al-hydrotalcite shows a loss of 7.0% m/m physically adsorbed water up to 70°C. Between 70 and 230°C 16.5% m/m is lost due to decarboni…
Nanoparticles of InS and InSe capped with TOPO (tri-n-octylphosphine oxide) or nanoparticles of InSe capped with 4-ethylpyridine, which are close to mono-dispersed, have been prepared by a single-source route using tris(diethyldithiocarbamato)indium(III) or tris(diethyldiselenocarbamato)indium(III), respectively. The…
Highly mono-dispersed CdSe–CdS core–shell nanoparticles have been prepared by a novel method in which [Cd{Se2CNMe(nHex)}2] (250 °C for 30 min) and [Cd{S2CNMe(nHex)}2] (250 °C for a further 30 min) are thermolysed in tri-n-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO) in a ‘one pot’ synthesis; the core–shell structure has been character…