Materials Literature
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Petroleum reserves of the world may not last forever. There is a need to develop alternative and renewable sources of petroleum. Petrocrops (wild and waste plants) are renewable sources of petroleum hydrocarbons. Calotropis procera is one of the potential candidates for petrofarming. The latex obtained from C. procera…
The application of the low-temperature plasma method, the excimer laser treatment method and the corona-discharge method to aramid) were discussed, presenting an overview of current trends and developments in this area.
Novel polymer composites based on polydisulfide compounds are developed as a high energy density cathode material for lithium rechargeable batteries. A polymer composite composed of 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole (DMcT) and conducting polymer polyaniline (PAn) on a copper current collector provides high charge densi…
Bitumen has been used as a matrix for low-level radioactive liquid waste in Japan and other countries.Originally, bituminization was adopted for dumping at sea, but today underground disposal is being considered.Under this disposal condition chemical, radiolytic, and microbial degradation may affect the performance of…
Abstract The nanocrystalline cubic Phase of zirconia was found to be thermally stabilized by the addition of 2.56 to 17.65 mol % Y 2 O 3 (5.0 to 30.0 mol % Y, 95.0 to 70.0 mol % Zr cation content). The cubic phase of yttria stabilized zirconia was prepared by thermal decomposition of the hydroxides at 400°C for 1 hr.…
If only native amplitudes are used for structure determination, then additional 'theoretical' information is necessary to determine their phases. For use in a phasing procedure, this information can be formulated as a selection criterion (figure of merit) which assigns a reliability weight to every trial phase set and…
Ammonium and barium cyclotriphosphate monohydrate, BaNH4P3O9·1H2O, was prepared for the first time by using Boullé's process [1] by Durif et al. [2] who reported a complete description of the atomic arrangement. BaNH4P3O9·1H2O is monoclinic P21/n with the following unit-cell dimensions: a=11.70(1)Å, b=12.12(1)Å, c=7.5…
Solvents screening experiments using a Soxhelt extractor were conducted to determine the best solvents for oil removal from spent bleaching clay. The solvents extracted oil in the following decreasing amount: methylethylketone > benzene‐ethanol mixture (1:1 by volume) > acetone > trichloroethylene = dichloromethane >…
Significant improvement in the fracture strength, accompanied by an enhancement in the electrical conductivity, of zirconia polycrystals that were doped with 3–7 mol% Sc 2 O 3 was obtained by sintering at 1300°C for 1 h in air, followed by hot isostatic pressing (HIP) at 196 MPa at 1300° and 1450°C for 1.5 h in an arg…
The dominant factor of mechanical energy generation during high burnup fuel failure under reactivity initiated accident (RIA) conditions is discussed on the basis of results from recent two RIA-simulating tests with burnup fuel rods and separate-effect tests with powder fuels. When cladding failed during the RIA condi…
The stable capillary growth conditions for pulling, from melt, 500-mm-long fiber crystals with constant diameter in the region 150–270 µm by the micro-pulling-down method are investigated. As a model, a substance with the sapphire/YAG eutectic composition is used. The experimental results are compared with theoretical…
Abstract The nanocrystalline cubic phase of zirconia was found to be thermally stabilized by the addition of 3 to 40 mol % manganese. The nanocrystalline cubic, tetragonal and monoclinic phases of zirconia stabilized with manganese (III)oxide (Mn‐Stabilized Zirconia) were prepared by thermal decomposition of carbonate…
The kinetics of photoluminescence (PL) and steady-state PL from silicon nanocrystals formed in the SiO 2 matrix by silicon ion implantation were studied experimentally for the first time in the temperature range from liquid-helium to room temperature. A dramatic increase in the photoluminescence decay time, accompanie…
Abstract Phthalocyanines peripherally introduced with four phenyl derivatives have been prepared from the corresponding phthalonitriles, which were obtained in high yields with Suzuki-Miyaura coupling. It was found that the substituent groups on the pc ring significantly affect the spectral properties and solubilities…
Abstract The nanocrystalline cubic, tetragonal, and submicron monoclinic phases of pure zirconia were prepared by thermal decomposition of carbonate and hydroxide precursors. The crystallization and isothermal phase transformations of the oxide were studied using high temperature X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray diffraction a…
Ba 0.8 Sr 0.2 TiO 3 thin films were prepared with various individual layer thicknesses using a sol–gel process. The individual layer thickness strongly affected the structure, ferroelectricity, and dielectric properties of the films. The films prepared with an individual layer thickness of 60 nm showed small equiaxed…
The magnetic viscosity coefficient S, susceptibility and recoil curves were measured by SQUID for nanocrystalline ${\mathrm{Sm}}_{2}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{15}{\mathrm{Si}}_{2}\mathrm{C}$ ribbons at temperatures ranging from 50 K to room temperature. It was found that the effect of strong intergrain exchange coupling on S and…
For the first time, ZnS:Cu films with an intense photoluminescence were prepared by a chemical nonvacuum method. They were produced by means of the combined pyrolytic deposition of zinc and copper dithiocarbamates onto glass and ceramic substrates heated up to 260–300°C. A close packing of practically identical grains…
The performance of a CsI photocathode for hard x rays (8–46 keV) was compared to a Au photocathode using synchrotron radiation. We found that the sensitivity of CsI (100 nm thick) is 20–100 times higher than that of Au (30 nm thick), depending on the photon energy. The time response for 40 ps pulses is also improved s…
Thermal conductivity measurements have been carried out on single crystals of ${\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3}$ and ${\mathrm{KTaO}}_{3}$ in the presence of electric fields applied either perpendicular or parallel to the heat current. In the case of ${\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3},$ the response is surprisingly large: a 7 kV/cm parallel f…