Materials Literature
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Isolated isothermal spheres of N gravitationally interacting points with equal mass are believed to be stable when density contrasts do not exceed 709. That stability limit does not, however, take into consideration fluctuations of temperature near the onset of instability. These are important when N is finite. Here w…
The microstructural evolution inside shear bands was investigated experimentally and analytically. A fine recrystallized structure (grains with 0.05-0.3 mu m) is observed in Ti, Cu, 304 stainless steel, Al-Li, and Ta, and it is becoming clear that a recrystallization mechanism is operating. The fast deformation and sh…
Sn-doped AgInO2 thin films were prepared on α-Al2O3(0001) single-crystal substrates by pulsed laser deposition. The films prepared under optimized conditions have high optical transmittance up to the near-ultraviolet region and high electrical conductivity. The optical band gap was estimated to be ∼4.1 eV, and electri…
Polarization-field and strain-field hysteresis loops with field-induced transition in two types of engineered domain configurations in perovskite-type oxide ferroelectrics were calculated in terms of the Landau-Devonshire type free energy. Using the free energy function truncated at the fourth order with respect to th…
Abstract A tire sidewall must have good resistance to fracture over a range of conditions covering rapid as well as slow crack growth. A vulcanizate based on a 50/50 natural rubber (NR)/ cis -butadiene rubber ( cis -BR) blend seems to meet this requirement. It retains the ability for longitudinal crack branching and h…
The particle size dependence of BaTiO 3 powder was investigated from the viewpoint of the crystal phase. The crystal phase of BaTiO 3 powder was transformed from tetragonal to cubic at a critical particle size of 0.1 µm at room temperature. With decreasing particle size, the Ba ions in the BaTiO 3 structure were absen…
Mild steel coupons were incubated in cultures of three different aerobic bacteria, viz. Rhodococcus sp. C125, Pseudomonas pulida mt2 and Streptomyces pilosus DSM 40714 and then exposed to a corrosive aqueous medium. A significant reduction in the corrosion rate was observed in a corrosive medium when the steel had bee…
A new methodology, which is compatible with the use of reactive organometallic reagents, has been developed for the use of carbosilane dendrimers as soluble supports in organic synthesis. Hydroxy-functionalized dendritic carbosilanes Si[CH2CH2CH2SiMe2(C6H4CH(R)OH)]4 (G0-OH, R = H or (S)-Me) and Si[CH2CH2CH2Si[CH2CH2CH…
The dependence of the Curie temperature of many ferroelectric perovskite solid solutions on the component concentration is nonlinear. Causes of the nonlinearity (limited solubility of components, ion ordering, influence of the morphotropic phase boundary, diffusion of the ferroelectric phase transition, frustration of…
The temperature variations of the cholesteric pitch in thin planar layers of cholesterics and their dependence on the surface anchoring force are investigated theoretically. It is shown that the temperature variations of the pitch in a layer are of a universal character. This is manifested in the fact that they depend…
The integration of a laser diode with a microlens on its emitting surface is introduced in this letter. Calculated results are based on integration of micro-cylindrical lens to laser diode. The lens is directly microfabricated on the emitting surface of the laser diode with operating wavelength 635 nm by focused ion b…
Results of optical birefringence, ultralow-frequency elastic, dilatometric, and dielectric measurements of lawsonite crystals are presented in a wide temperature range including two successive phase transitions $\mathrm{Cmcm}\ensuremath{-}{(T}_{1}=273 \mathrm{K})\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\mathrm{Pmcn}\ensuremath{-}{(T}_…
The elastic moduli of the C15 Laves-phase materials TaV2, TaV2H(D),x and ZrCr2 have been measured using the technique of resonant ultrasound spectroscopy. The temperature dependences of the shear modulus and Young's modulus of TaV2 were found to be anomalous; the moduli increase with increasing temperature over the en…
The purpose of this study is to investigate the preparation and properties of two types of SrBi 2 Ta 2 O 9 ceramics, SrBi 2 Ta 2 O 9 ceramics with excess Bi 2 O 3 , and two-phase ceramics formed with SrBi 2 Ta 2 O 9 and BiTaO 4 . The samples were prepared by a conventional ceramic technique at 900 to 1300°C for 2 h. T…
The heavily doped single-phase polycrystalline ${\mathrm{La}}_{0.825}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{0.175}{\mathrm{Mn}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{x}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}(0.20<~x<~0.40)$ has been prepared. Above paramagnet to cluster--spin-glass transition temperature, the electron spin resonance measurement suggests that ther…
The effect of partial ${}^{16}{\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{O}\mathrm{}}}^{18}\mathrm{O}\mathrm{}$ isotope substitution on electrical resistivity and ac magnetic susceptibility was studied for $({\mathrm{La}}_{0.25}{\mathrm{Pr}}_{0.75}{)}_{0.7}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{0.3}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ ceramic samples. The…
Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) are used to study the oxidation of a ZrC(100) surface. When the surface is exposed to O 2 at room temperature, carbon atoms in the surface region are found to be depleted and the substrate zirconium atoms are oxidized. The Zr oxide…
A new varistor system of SnO2-Bi2O3-Nb2O5 was reported in this paper. The electrical field-current density characteristics of this system were investigated by doping different amounts of Bi2O3 and sintering the samples at various temperatures. It is found that adding 0.75 mol% Bi2O3 to Nb-doped SnO2 ceramic resulted i…
A single-crystal deuterium NMR study of the phase transition of the incommensurate organic inclusion compound of n-nonadecane in urea is presented. In agreement with diffraction measurements, we found that the urea host sublattice is not significantly modulated in the high-symmetry phase. Whereas at room temperature t…
JAERI is carrying out R&D for constructing the facility of high intensity neutron spallation source which may bring us innovative science fields. A high power proton beam will be injected into the liquid mercury target for the neutron spallation. The mercury container will be subjected to the pressure waves generated…