Materials Literature
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Platinum nanoparticles were synthesized by reduction of a K 2 PtCl 4 solution using a thermosensitive polymer, poly( N -isopropylacrylamide, NIPA), as a capping polymer. The Pt nanoparticles obtained at temperatures above and below the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of NIPA showed clear differences. When t…
The X-ray structures of the ligand free (apo) and the Mg(2+)*o-succinylbenzoate (OSB) product complex of o-succinylbenzoate synthase (OSBS) from Escherichia coli have been solved to 1.65 and 1.77 A resolution, respectively. The structure of apo OSBS was solved by multiple isomorphous replacement in space group P2(1)2(…
The adsorption of HIV-1 capsid p24 protein bearing six histidine residues (named RH24) onto well-characterized thermosensitive and cationic poly(styrene)−poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) core−shell particles was investigated as a function of temperature, pH, incubation time, and salinity. The maximum amount of adsorbed RH2…
The aerial parts of Caralluma russeliana yielded four new pregnane glycosides, russeliosides A-D (1-4), in addition to a known flavone glycoside, luteolin 4'-O-beta-D-neohesperidoside. The structures of compounds 1-4 were elucidated using a combination of spectroscopic methods.
Diamond's many extreme properties, such as its radiation and corrosion resistance, large bandgap, high electron and hole mobility, make it an attractive semiconductor for UV and particle detectors. This paper reviews the properties that are exploited by the latest generation of detectors, such as the radiation hardnes…
Assembly of organized molecular structures in ordered mesoporosity has shown to be a very powerful approach to synthesize novel functional nanoscale materials. This approach allows rational design of a wide range of material properties, such as pore dimension, surface chemistry, stereochemistry, spatial distribution o…
The switching of magnetic layers is studied under the action of a spin current in a ferromagnetic metal/non-magnetic metal/ferromagnetic metal spin valve. We find that the main contribution to the switching comes from the non-equilibrium exchange interaction between the ferromagnetic layers. This interaction defines t…
Nanostructured semiconductor particles are currently under intense investigation because of their interesting photophysical and photochemical properties. Several preparation methods have been exploited for this class of materials; among them, the use of reverse micelles or “water-in-oil” microemulsions is a simple and…
We present a comprehensive investigation of the spatial dimensions of colloidal spherical polyelectrolyte brushes in solutions. The particles studied here consist of a solid polystyrene core of 50−100 nm radius onto which linear poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) chains are chemically grafted. The grafting is achieved through p…
It is argued that the definition of quasicrystals should not include the requirement that they possess an axis of symmetry that is forbidden in periodic crystals. The term "quasicrystal" should simply be regarded as an abbreviation for "quasiperiodic crystal," possibly with two provisos, as discussed below. The argume…
Neutral poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) thin films can be switched to an electronically conducting form either by oxidation (p-doping) or reduction (n-doping) in anhydrous organic solvents. The maximum attainable n-conductivity is ca. 1% of the maximum p-conductivity. However, based on spectroelectrochemical…
In order to develop new dry phantom materials that can simulate the effect of electromagnetic wave on human tissues, the dielectric properties of the phantom materials composed of dielectrics, carbon black, and epoxy resin were investigated. For dielectrics/epoxy composite, the dielectric constants increased with the…
Colour separation gratings designed to separate three wavelengths into different diffraction orders are computed. Nonlinear phase transformation by the law of colour separation grating is used in an analytical design of diffractive optical elements that produce different domains of focusing for two or three different…
The purpose of this chapter is to provide the background needed for subsequent chapters on toughened plastics. This chapter introduces the topic of fracture mechanics, describes the methods used to quantify toughness, discusses the origin of toughness in terms of toughening mechanisms, briefly reviews the factors infl…
Many normally ductile semi-crystalline polymers such as polyamide-6 (or 66) (nylon), high density polyethylene, (HDPE), and isotactic polypropylene (iPP) are known to be brittle under impact loading. Here we present some general principles for improvement of toughness that rely on the reduction of plastic resistance o…
Complex dielectric susceptibility (χ' + jχ'') has been studied at f = 10 -2 -10 5 Hz in the relaxor ferroelectric 0.75Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 -0.25PbTiO 3 . In addition to the well known relaxor dispersion observed at temperatures around and below the temperature of permittivity maximum T m , a new and comparatively wea…
InNH 3 has been studied with single-photon zero electron kinetic energy (ZEKE) spectroscopy and density functional theory and ab initio calculations. The ZEKE spectrum reveals vibrational structures of the cation and neutral complexes. The comparison of the experiment and theory establishes that the indium-ammonia com…
Infrared spectra of tropolone(OH) and tropolone(OD) obtained from vapor phase, solvated, and rare gas matrix-isolated samples, and from fluorescence dip infrared spectroscopy experiments by Frost et al. on jet-cooled samples, are analyzed with the guidance of high level ab initio molecular orbital (MO) computations. I…
The purpose of this chapter is to provide the background needed for subsequent chapters on toughened plastics. This chapter introduces the topic of fracture mechanics, describes the methods used to quantify toughness, discusses the origin of toughness in terms of toughening mechanisms, briefly reviews the factors infl…
The minimum energy pathway leading between the tautomers of tropolone was calculated using molecular orbital (MO) methods. This, with various 1D and 2D cuts of the potential energy surface (PES) topography, reveals the {tunneling skeleton}/{tunneling H atom} mechanism for tautomerization. In the zero-point states the…