Materials Literature
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Bombyx mori silk fibroin is a fibrous protein whose fiber is extremely strong and tough, although it is produced by the silkworm at room temperature and from an aqueous solution. The primary structure is mainly Ala-Gly alternative copolypeptide, but Gly-Ala-Ala-Ser units appear frequently and periodically. Thus, this…
In this work, we present the fabrication of bulk micromachined microbolometers made of amorphous germanium-silicon-oxygen compounds (Ge/sub x/Si/sub 1-x/O/sub y/) grown by reactive sputtering of a Ge/sub 0.85/Si/sub 0.15/ target. We describe the complete procedure for fabricating thermally isolated microbolometers con…
The idea of implementing optical filters by coupling evanescent waves from several diffracted orders into multiple leaky waveguide modes is studied theoretically. Using a dielectric thin-film structure consisting of a coupling grating placed between adjacent waveguides, guided-mode resonance filters exhibiting multipl…
The acrylamide gelification process is a fast, inexpensive, reproducible, and easily scaled up chemical method for obtaining nanopowders of BaZrO 3 that can be used for sintering crucibles and many electronic applications. This method enables the production of 100 g of high‐purity powders in one run, using simple labo…
Epitaxial films of ${\mathrm{Zn}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Cr}}_{x}\mathrm{Te}$ were grown on a GaAs substrate. The lattice constant of ${\mathrm{Zn}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Cr}}_{x}\mathrm{Te}$ follows Vegard's law, meaning that Cr ions replace Zn sites in the host lattice. A strong enhancement of the magnetic…
Abstract Surfaces of two widely used biomaterials—poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)—have been modified using gas plasmas. The concentrations of hydroxyl, carboxyl, carbonyl and amine groups were analysed with chemical derivatization (CD), using different aldehyde, acetic anhydride…
Al 2 O 3 ‐ZrO 2 eutectics containing 0 to 12.2 mol% Y 2 O 3 (with respect to zirconia) were produced by directional solidification using the laser floating zone (LFZ) method. Processing variables were chosen to obtain homogeneous, colony‐free, interpenetrating microstructure for all of the compositional range, optimum…
We have previously determined the crystal structure of a novel pentagonal ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) from the hyperthermophilic archaeon, Thermococcus kodakaraensis KOD1. Here we have carried out biochemical studies to identify the necessities and/or advantages of this intriguing pentago…
The improvement of charge transport in conjugated polymers is a focal point of current research. It is shown here that the carrier mobility can be substantially increased through the introduction of conjugated cross-links between the conjugated chains. Novel organometallic polymer networks based on a poly(p-phenylene…
The crystallization behavior and crystal structure of polyamide 6/montmorillonite (PA6/MMT) nanocomposites were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction, and an interesting behavior was observed. The material was prepared via melt compounding using an organophilic clay obtained by co-int…
Conformation of a single flexible polyelectrolyte molecule with a hydrophobic backbone in aqueous solution is effected by the interplay of the short-range intramolecular attraction and the long-range Coulomb repulsion. The conformation can be frozen if the molecule is trapped by a solid substrate. With this approach,…
We present a tight-binding model of single-wall carbon nanotubes with curvature-modified hopping parameter ${\ensuremath{\gamma}}_{i},$ from which an analytical relation of band gaps to both chirality and diameter is derived by developing a transfer matrix method. The results are in agreement with the experimental res…
Abstract Given the surface areas of three different species A, B, and C, what is the most likely contact area between A and B? This problem finds many applications, but it is of specific importance in solid‐phase reactions. Reactions in powder mixtures depend strongly on contact area between reactants, even when one s…
Higgins found that the slope and intercept of crystal size distribution (CSD) are automatically correlated with each other when the crystal content is constant, but he failed to make the necessary conclusion that even if the crystal content is not constant, the slope and intercept are still automatically correlated, a…
Among the biodegradable plastic specimens (poly-(3-hydroxy-butylate-valerate) (PHB / V), poly-(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), poly-(butylene succinate) (PBS), poly-(butylene succinate and adipate) (PBSA), and poly-lactide (PLA)) that were placed in soils for 1 year at nineteen sites in Japan, plastic specimens with appreciabl…
A method is presented for efficiency calculation and coincidence-summing correction of high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector spectra by using Monte Carlo N-particle transport (MCNP) code. This technique will be used in the efficiency calibration of HPGe detectors to reduce the number of standard sources to be prepared…
Development of solid dielectric dc transmission class cable has become a priority throughout much of the world. Interdiffusion between the semiconducting electrode materials and the dielectric inevitably causes variations in conductivity of the dielectric near the semicon which results in distortion of the electric fi…
The paper elucidates the methodsof estimating damping in ceramic matrix composites (CMC) with matrix cracks. Unidirectional composites with bridging matrix cracks and cross-ply laminates with tunneling cracks in transverse layers and bridging cracks in longitudinal layers are considered. It is shown that bridging matr…
An investigation of the gasoline permeation resistance of polyethylene (PE), polyethylene/modified polyamide (MPA), and polyethylene/blends of modified polyamide and ethylene vinyl alcohol (MPAEVOH) bottles is reported. The gasoline permeation resistance improves slightly after blending EVOH barrier resins in PE matri…
Stretching PET at a high strain rate above the glass transition temperature has a positive effect on the strength of the material. In a recent paper[1], we presented the influence of stretch and blow molding parameters on the properties of the final product, especially on the crystallinity induced by stretching. In th…