Materials Literature
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A thermal-capillary dynamic model for Czochralski (Cz) growth of silicon single crystal is presented that accounts for convection in the melt, conduction in the crystal, and radiation from the melt free surface and crystal. The shapes of the crystal/melt interface, moving crystal, and free surface are governed by the…
A large-scale numerical simulation of a system of inelastic, rough, hard spheres of volume fraction ${\ensuremath{\varphi}}_{S}=0.565,$ starting from a disordered configuration in a Couette geometry, shows a transition to a layered state, which possesses long-range orientation order, after long run times. This phase t…
The toxicity to rats of Saudi Francoeuria crispa used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various disorders was investigated. Francoeuria crispa leaves were fed to rats at 2% and 10% of the diet for 8 weeks. In rats on the 10% F. crispa diet, there was a decrease in average body weight gain and feed efficienc…
We made the measurements of dielectric constant, pyroelectricity, magnetoelectric effect and magnetization of SmMn2O5 single crystals. From the results, we conclude that SmMn2O5 is ferroelectric below 35.5 K, and that it undergoes another phase transition at 28.8 K. The change in both electric and magnetic structures…
Abstract Double networks of a black-filled natural rubber composition have been prepared by partially curing a sheet, stretching it, and then completing cure. Upon release, a double network retracts to a residual extension ratio, α r . Samples cut perpendicular to the stretch direction have stress—strain responses lik…
Misorientations and grain boundary planes of twin boundaries are determined by the TEM technique in annealed copper with a nearly random texture. Straight segments on the long sides of twins are associated with {111} planes. The potential of TEM and SEM methods for determination of GB planes is discussed.
A simple physical model of ≈1 eV–35 keV electron scattering in insulating polymers was proposed. A new correction to Slater's exchange potential was used for the description of low-energy elastic electron scattering. The simulation of electron trajectories was performed using the Monte Carlo technique. The integral an…
The electronic and nuclear contributions to the third-order nonlinearity of glasses are separated by use of 100-fs pulses in a time-resolved heterodyne optical Kerr effect technique. A direct estimate of the relative strengths of electronic and nuclear contributions was made by the comparison between the nuclear contr…
Kristalline Proben der tieffarbigen Titelverbindungen können, ausgehend von stöchiometrischen Ansätzen, direkt aus den Elementen dargestellt werden. Sie unterscheiden sich von den bisher bekannten Alkalimetallthioindaten insbesondere dadurch, daß sie bezüglich Indium gemischtvalent sind. Das heißt Indium liegt in ihne…
The effects of various vulcanization systems and fillers in epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) at 50% epoxidation (ENR 50 compounds) were examined. ENR compounds cured with the semi-EV (efficient vulcanization) system showed the shortest cure and scorch times but the highest torque values. White rice husk ash (WRHA) fill…
Manganese(II)chloride, bromide, acetate and L-lactate were used as catalysts for the polymerization of L-lactide. All polymerizations were performed in bulk and despite a high reaction temperature (150°C), long reaction times (192 hours) were needed to achieve nearly complete conversions. Mn L-lactate was found to be…
The dielectric propereties of smectic liquid crystal mixtures containing chiral dopants derived from trifluoromethylated pyranose were studied. In every mixture, a large dielectric response due to the Goldstone mode was observed, indicating the smectic C * phase, although two switching current peaks indicative of the…
Materials used for spacecraft and space structures in near-Earth orbit are subject to severe environmental effects including high vacuum conditions, hot and cold extremes temperature, strongly oxidizing atomic oxygen environments, and high fluxes of energetic electrons, ions, neutrals and photons. Instrumentation deve…
The synthesis of Ru 2 (μ-O 2 CR) 4 (μ´-O 2 CR) (1), R = -CH 2 (CH 2 ) 6 CH=CH(CH 2 ) 5 CH 3 , has been achieved and characterization using elemental analysis and FTIR and UV-Vis spectroscopies undertaken. Strong evidence for a hexagonal discotic mesophase has been found using differential scanning calorimetry, variabl…
Abstract In contrast to earlier structure determinations of SnGa 6 Te 10 and PbGa 6 Te 10 (space group R 32), which showed disordered distributions of Sn and Pb, it could be shown for SnGa 6 Te 10 , PbGa 6 Te 10 and the new SnAl 6 Te 10 , that weak superstructure reflections can be observed in well crystallized sample…
The anionic ring-opening polymerization of six-membered cyclic carbonates having aromatic substituents, 5-methyl-5-phenyl-1,3-dioxan-2-one (1) and 5,5-diphenyl-1,3-dioxan-2-one (2), was carried out. The anionic homopolymerization of 1 readily proceeds to afford the corresponding polycarbonate, while 2 showed only a sl…
We made dielectric, magnetic and magnetoelectric studies of a hexagonal ErMnO3. Our purpose is to make clear the magnetic-electric interaction phenomena expected in this oxide with both electric and magnetic long range ordering. The magnetic-electric interaction was demonstrated as the anomalies of dielectric constant…
Composites consisting of a Ce‐TZP matrix and in‐situ grown particles of La(Fe,Al) 12 O 19 were prepared by the solid‐state reaction of Ce‐TZP, La(Fe,Al)O 3 , and Al 2 O 3 powders. The in‐situ formation process of La(Fe,Al) 12 O 19 in a Ce‐TZP matrix was investigated in relation to the microstructure evolution. The Ce‐…
Reaction of (Et 4 N)Cl with AS 2 S 3 and Na 2 S in acetonitrile at 110°C affords the polymeric thioarsenate(III) (Et 4 N) 2 As 6 S 10 in which the cyclic [As 3 S 6 ] 3- and chainlike [As 3 S 7 ] 5- trinuclear molecular building units are linked together through common sulphur atoms into infinite double chains. In cont…
Abstract Crosslink distributions in gum natural rubber (NR)/ cis -poly(butadiene) (BR) blend vulcanizates have been studied previously for cure states ranging from times shortly after the onset of cure to over-cure at 150 and 175 °C, respectively. The effects of lower cure temperatures on the crosslink distributions t…