Materials Literature
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In the present study, conductive polyaniline-p-toluene sulfonic acid (PANI-pTSA) blends with thermoplastic polymers were prepared by melt processing. The blends′ characterization focused on their morphology in light of the components′ interaction and the resulting electrical conductivity. The PANI-pTSA blends were com…
A model of the performance of a molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) is required to estimate the efficiency of an MCFC power plant or to simulate the internal state of a stack. The model should provide an accurate representation of the performance under various operating conditions. However, the performance estimated by…
The bismuth−oxygen system was studied in the crystalline and gaseous state by means of high-temperature vaporization studies. Vaporization experiments were performed using Knudsen effusion in a high-vacuum environment and using thermogravimetric analysis with a flowing pure nitrogen environment. Oxygen was lost from s…
A novel combination of simultaneous experimental techniques has been developed as a tool for the study of phase transitions in polymers. Based upon a small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) synchrotron radiation beamline it has been shown to be feasible to collect, in addition to the time-resolved SAXS data, wide angle x-…
A new formulation of the Chandezon method for crossed gratings is presented. In the nonorthogonal translation coordinate system, an arbitrary field in a homogeneous source-free region can be expressed as the sum of a TE field and a TM field. It is shown that the whole solution can be derived from the eigensolutions of…
Measurements of femtosecond time-resolved one- and two-photon-excited photoluminescence of bulk ZnSe enable us to distinguish the surface and bulk contributions to recombination dynamics. A photoluminescence lifetime of several nanoseconds or longer is measured for the bulk. A fast relaxation component with a decay ti…
Nylon 6 9 has been shown to have structures with interchain hydrogen bonds in both two and in three directions. Chain-folded lamellar crystals were studied using transmission electron microscopy and sedimented crystal mats and uniaxially oriented fibers studied by X-ray diffraction. The principal room-temperature stru…
A theoretical description of the molecular polarizability (α) and first and second hyperpolarizabilities (β and γ) of a guanidinium-type octupolar molecule is presented. By using a valence bond and three charge-transfer states with nonzero transfer integrals, the electronic states are obtained as linear combinations o…
A single-source precursor route to Cd3P2 nanoparticles is reported. Their synthesis via the thermolysis of [MeCdPtBu2]3—itself obtained using an improved procedure—in tri-n-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO) is described. The resulting TOPO-capped cadmium phosphide quantum dots are characterized by a combination of UV-vis an…
Authigenic clays in close textural relation to carbonate fluorapatite within finely laminated phosphate stromatolites of Upper Jurassic age have been studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and analytical electron microscopy (AEM). Stromatolite laminae consist of hexago…
A one-dimensional 280-nm period silicon grating designed to exhibitpolarization-dependent reflection or antireflection behavior at visiblewavelengths has been fabricated and tested. For normally incident575-nm light, this grating reflects less than 3% of the incidentradiation polarized perpendicular to the grating gro…
Abstract To differentiate chemical species of Al in soil solutions, a method using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was applied to laboratory preparations of hydroxyaluminum (HyA) and hydroxyaluminosilicate (HAS) ions ([OH]/[Al] = 2.0), and 1 M KCl extracts from acidic soils. The Al in a Al‐OH‐Si(OH) 4 mixture was sep…
The chromic properties of conjugated polymers, i.e., the shift in their optical spectra with various parameters, make them of interest for sensors. In order to test the prediction that poly(3,3′-di(alkylthio)-2,2′-bithiophene)s should exhibit thermochromic features and to verify the simple theoretical model behind thi…
The melt crystallization process of isotactic polystyrene (i-PS) was studied by means of in situ Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, with a focus on the conformational changes during the induction period. The spectra obtained during the induction period suggested the occurrence of some ordered structure th…
The inhibition of chloride‐induced pitting corrosion of type 304 stainless steel by ultraviolet light irradiation was examined. UV light exposure during passivation resulted in the pitting potential shifting in the positive direction. The induction period for pitting corrosion was analyzed in terms of a birth and deat…
High strength and ductility at high temperatures. These desirable properties are displayed by a recently developed ceramic composite Al2O3/GdAlO3, manufactured using the MGC (melt growth composite) process. The Figure is a scanning electron microscopy image of the single-crystal GdAlO3 configuration of this MGC materi…
Single‐phase rare‐earth gallium garnets were obtained by the reaction of stoichiometric mixtures of gallium acetylacetonate and rare‐earth (Nd‐Lu) acetates in 1,4‐butanediol at 300°C (glycothermal reaction). Particles of gadolinium gallium garnet (GGG) and other gallium garnets with rare‐earth elements larger than Gd…
Abstract The oxygen isotope compositions of pedogenic calcite and illite in three Paleozoic vertic red bed paleosols record a complex history of pedogenic and diagenetic processes. The paleosols are preserved in the upper Mississippian (Chesterian) Mauch Chunk (Pennsylvania), Hinton (West Virginia), and Pennington (Te…
Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) were synthesized in high yield by laser vaporization of a Rh/Pd-graphite composite rod at 1200 °C. Lattice constants of the bundle were estimated from transmission-electron-microscope images and were found to be distributed between 1.0 and 1.5 nm. Nine Raman peaks originating from…
Effects of the sample volume and frequency on the decomposition of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrin (H 2 TPPS 4- ) were studied at frequencies of 126 and 500 kHz and 1 MHz. The decomposition of the porphyrin depended on the cell radius and liquid height. The decomposition ratio, (1- R TPPS ), was expre…