Materials Literature
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ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotoresponsive ionic conductivity of polymer composite films containing azobenzene liquid crystalKeiichi. Kimura, Tatsuya. Suzuki, and Masaaki. YokoyamaCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1990, 94, 15, 6090–6093Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1990Publication History Published online…
Optical and dielectric studies of sodium niobate crystals have been carried out in an extended electric field (up to 2.2·108 V/m) at temperatures from 8 0 K to 530 K. It has been found that apart from the known ferroelectric Palma phase, a ferroelectric phase of tetragonal symmetry is induced in NaNbO3 crystals by a s…
A major deficiency of current photon calculation methods that are based on the concept of primary and scatter separation is their inability to handle the condition of electronic disequilibrium. This deficiency is examined and it is shown that the limitation is not inherent in the algorithms themselves but is, at least…
Abstract 2 H and 13 C NMR techniques were used to investigate the thermodynamic state of water molecules and of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) chain segments in frozen 10% PVA solutions in 99.8% and 8.5% 2 H 2 O in the ‐66 to 3°C temperature range. The minimum amount of water not entering into the structure of ice is shown…
Abstract In the development of advanced composite materials, the mechanical behavior of the matrix is of critical importance. The next generation of composite materials will be based on high modulus tough matrices, of which poly(aryl ether ether ketone) [hereinafter, referred to as PEEK] is one of the first crystallin…
R ‐curve measurements were performed on a SiC whisker/Al 2 O 3 matrix composite. A controlled flaw/strength technique was utilized to determine fracture resistance as a function of crack extension. Rising R ‐curve behavior with increasing crack extension was observed, confirming the operation of wake toughening effect…
Abstract Erstmals wurde K 3 [FeO 4 ] durch Tempern inniger Gemenge der Oxide (K 2 O 2 und KFeO 2 mit K 2 O 2 :KFeO 2 = 1,78:1,0, Ag‐Bömbchen, 470°C, 18 d, 350°C, 5 d) in Form von schwarzen, orthorhombischen Kristallen erhalten: Raumgruppe Pnma mit a = 770,16(13) pm, b = 909,20(17) pm, c = 783,70(14) pm. Die Struktur w…
We demonstrate that texture effects can seriously distort the measurement of x-ray-absorption data from powdered specimens. We show that the isotropic average dipolar x-ray-absorption spectrum can always be measured irrespective of the degree of texture, provided axial symmetry in the particle distribution function ex…
Abstract In the flexible packaging industry, aluminium foil is used to fabricate metal–polymer complex systems without any prior surface treatment (e.g. anodic oxide, chemical conversion coating). The inevitable delay between foil rolling and subsequent application of the polymer, in this case polyethylene, allows age…
Effective boundary conditions are derived to be used with the classical Hele–Shaw equations in calculating the shape and motion of a Hele–Shaw bubble. The main assumptions of this analysis are that the displaced fluid wets the plates, and that the capillary number Ca and the ratio of gap width to characteristic bubble…
Abstract The normal incidence electron gun of the IMS4f is unique in design, allowing self‐compensation of electric charges when negative secondary ions are analysed. This is made possible owing to the formation of a cloud containing an excess of very‐low‐energy electrons above the sample surface. When positive charge…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT10-Methylacridine dimer acting as a unique two-electron donor in the one-electron reduction of triphenylmethyl cationShunichi Fukuzumi, Toshiaki Kitano, and Masashi IshikawaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 14, 5631–5632Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1990Publication…
Many collagen fibrils have been shown to be heterotypic, i.e. composed of more than one collagen type. Fibrils containing type I collagen as the major constituent do also contain, at least in some tissues, type III and type V collagens. Fibrils containing type II collagen have been shown to also contain type XI collag…
We report results of a series of laser melting and resolidification experiments of hypoeutectic Al-Cu alloys designed to characterize the oscillatory lamellar eutectic morphology for the first time in detail. Oscillatory and nonoscillatory lamellar domains are observed to coexist over a wide range of compositions and…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPenning ionization electron spectroscopy of n-alkane ultrathin films. Molecular orbitals and orientation of moleculesHiroyuki Ozaki and Yoshiya HaradaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 15, 5735–5740Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1990Publication History Published onlin…
Formulas based on the beam theory are derived for calculating the in‐plane elastic modulus and residual stresses in ceramic coatings. In addition to theoretical derivation, experimental data for SiC coating/graphite substrate composites are proposed. The results indicate that the modulus of SiC coatings is 359 GPa. Th…
Abstract Owing to its high corrosion resistance, Ti is used as a containment material for processes in hot nitric acid. The corrosion stability of Ti can be improved still further by alloying with 5% Ta. The oxidation behaviour of Ti and Ti5Ta and the composition and stability of their oxide layers are compared by mea…
Abstract A procedure to determine the exchanger‐phase composition (and thus the Na/Ca selectivity) of calcareous and gypsiferous soils was developed and tested on three soils and three phyllosilicate minerals. The procedure corrects for anion exclusion and mineral weathering by measuring the Cl, SO 4 , and HCO 3 in th…
The effects of oxygen partial pressure ( P o2 ) on the oxidation behavior and room‐temperature flexural strength of sintered α‐SiC were investigated. Groups of flexure bars were exposed at 1400°C to flowing Ar containing various levels of oxygen ( P o2 ranging from 7.5 × 10 −7 to 1.5 × 10 −4 MPa). The changes in weigh…
The meaning of “low activation” is quantified with regard to accident safety for naturally occurring elements from hydrogen through bismuth. The activation inventory from a 5 MW/m2 neutron flux for a 4-yr exposure at the first wall to a deuterium-tritium plasma was used for four figures of merit (FOM):1. prompt dose r…