Materials Literature
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The dc electrical conductivity of 60 V2O5–(40 – x)B2O3–xBaO (x = 15, 20, 25, 30 and 40 mol%) glasses is reported in the temperature range 300–523 K. The physical and transport properties such as density, number of ions per unit volume, hopping distance, polaron radius and activation energy are reported. The electrical…
We show that the commonly accepted measurement of the critical potential for alloy dissolution calculated based on extrapolation of anodic polarization data results in an overestimation of this quantity. A series of constant applied potential experiments prove to be a more accurate method for critical potential determ…
Several approaches were investigated to produce monosort functionalized polymer surfaces with a high density and homogeneity of functional groups: (i) Plasma oxidation followed by wet-chemical reduction, (ii) formation of radicals and grafting on of functional group carrying molecules, (iii) plasma bromination followe…
The identity of three naviculoid diatoms originally described by Ehrenberg and now placed in the genus Placoneis was investigated. Type specimens and material from both the Ehrenberg Collection (Berlin) and the diatom collection at the Natural History Museum, London, were examined with LM and also SEM where possible.…
4R/S-Aminoprolines when present in the X-position of collagen peptide [pro(X)-pro(Y)-Gly]n exhibit pH- and stereochemistry-dependent effects on triplex stability.
We present computer simulations of long, thin, hard spherocylinders in a narrow planar slit. We \nobserve a transition from the isotropic to a nematic phase with quasi-long-range orientational order \nupon increasing the density. This phase transition is intrinsically two-dimensional and of the \nKosterlit…
Although hard turning of steels has become an accepted industrial practice reducing the extent of grinding, many surface integrity aspects of hard turning require clarification. The striking result of hard turning is the tendency for forming white (non-etching) and dark (overtempered) layers at machined surface. White…
This report details development of a route to solution‐derived (1− x )Bi 1/2 Na 1/2 TiO 3 · x BaTiO 3 powders. The method developed was the citrate‐gel method—an evaporative, aqueous technique. When applied to 0.95Bi 1/2 Na 1/2 TiO 3 ·0.05BaTiO 3 (BNBT‐5), the method produced perovskite phase powders that readily dens…
Immersion plating of nickel (Ni) on a porous silicon (PS) layer has been investigated in concentrated ammonium fluoride and dilute hydrofluoric acid (HF) solutions containing When the PS sample was exposed to the bath containing 5 M and 50 mM at pH 8, metallic Ni was clearly observed at the open-circuit potential with…
The 0.75 to 3.0 mol% Y2O3-stabilized tetragonal ZrO2 (Y-TZP) and Al2O3/Y-TZP fine-grained ceramics with 0.2 to 0.7 mass% of alumina were produced by a colloidal technique and low-temperature sintering. Trace alumina addition enhanced the densification of Y-TZP. The influence of the resulting density, microstructure, t…
This new functionalization method consists of the deposition of very thin plasma polymer layers (20 to 100 nm) of functional group bearing monomers in pulsed plasma. With allylalcohol, a maximum of 30 OH groups per 100 C atoms was measured with a selectivity of about 90% and a significant stability at long-time exposu…
The orientation of HDTMA+ in the interlayer of organic pillared montmorillonites prepared at different concentrations of HDTMA+ have been studied using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and theoretical calculation. A series of arrangement models of HDTMA+ in the interlayer of montmorillonite have been proposed as lateral…
The technological progress is closely related to the developments of various materials and tools made of those materials. Even the different ages have been defined in relation to the materials used. S
Encapsulation in cement is the favoured method in the UK for disposal of intermediate and low level radioactive wastes. It is usual to use composite cement systems incorporating blast furnace slag (BFS) or pulverised fuel ash (PFA) as these offer several advantages over Portland cement, notably a lower heat of hydrati…
This paper describes the use of several microbeam analysis techniques for the chemical characterization of corrosion compounds on ancient bronze objects. They include optical microscopy, SEM-EDX, TOF-SIMS, SR-FTIR, SR-XRD, and XANES. The objective is to investigate which combination of analysis methods is most suitabl…
The magnetic properties of nonoriented electrical steels are influenced by grain size and texture. During the final annealing process, heating rate, annealing temperature and time, and cooling rate are the main factors which can influence the formation of annealing texture. Among these parameters, heating rate is more…
The interaction of acetylene with surface sites of SiO2, TiO2, CaO, MgO, Al2O3, Ga2O3, La2O3, and ZrO2 oxides was studied. Two main types of acetylene adsorption complexes were found: first, complexes formed by weak reversible adsorption at O2− sites and basic OH groups and, second, stable complexes formed by the diss…
Polyamide 6,12 crystalline fibers, commercially known as Nylon 6,12, were irradiated using gamma radiation and characterised by Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman, Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). The analysis of the data, by using Flory's Theory and the principles of the…
The effects of polymer architecture on the morphology and crystallization of oxyethylene/oxybutylene diblock copolymers, E76B38, E114B56 and E155B76, in a concentration series of n-hexane solution were investigated with simultaneous synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS).…
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