Design of ZnS/ZnSe Gradient-Index Lenses in the Mid-Wave Infrared and Design, Fabrication, and Thermal Metrology of Polymer Radial Gradient Index Lenses
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Rochester. Institute of Optics, 2017.
Materials Literature
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Concrete radiolysis effect on steels corrosion and comparison with non-irradiated material
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Evaluation of nonpressure wood preservatives for military applications
Zinc naphthenate (ZnN) has been widely used for dip treatment of Department of Defense wood packing materials but is no longer available. Research was conducted to evaluate the preservative efficacy and corrosiveness of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) registered alternatives to ZnN. Efficacy of "green" pres…
Assessment of medium-term radioactive releases in case of a severe nuclear accident on a Pressurized Water Reactor: experimental study of fission products re-vaporisation from deposits (Cs, I)
En cas d’accident grave sur un Réacteur à Eau Pressurisée, l’évaluation de la quantité d’iode susceptible d’être rejetée dans l’environnement revêt une grande importance du fait de la radiotoxicité et de la volatilité de cet élément. Ainsi, une connaissance de tous les phénomènes physico-chimiques se produisant est né…
Analysis of reliability improvements of transformers after application of dynamic rating
In this project dynamic thermal rating for transformers and its effect on transformer reliability are investigated. A literature review is done on different thermal models used for this purpose and at the end differential equations model from IEC 60076-7 and bottom oil model from IEEE C57.91-1995 standard are selected…
Extending classical nucleation theory: Understanding the effects of trace additives and inhomogeneous concentration distributions
Nucleation is the first step in the conversion of a metastable phase to a more stable one. It involves the formation of a post-critical nucleus that is thermodynamically fa- vorable to grow and is important in most phase transitions. Our understanding of the thermodynamics and kinetics of nucleation is largely based o…
Performance of kenaf fibre reinforced concrete under static and dynamic loadings
Concrete is considered as a brittle material, its enrichment with distributed short kenaf fibres is believed to increase the toughness of matrices. This is achieved by prohibiting the concrete from being cracked and propagated. Kenaf is a natural fibre has typically some benefits such as being renewable, eco-friendly,…
Energy Usage in Ice Rink Resurfacing
Ishallar kräver stora mängder energi för sin verksamhet. Undersökningar har visat att en typisk ishall i Sverige använder ca 1 000 MWh per år. Data från de mest effektiva ishallarna har visat att en väl utformad ishall kan nå en energiförbrukning på mindre än 500 MWh per år, vilket ger en stor potential för energispar…
The Effect of Chemical Composition of Blast-Furnace Slag on Compressive Strength and Durability Properties of Mortar Specimens
In an effort to make structures more sustainable and durable, supplementary cementitious materials are often used to replace cement. Ground granulated blast furnace slag, for instance, is an industrial by-product of iron refinement and is frequently used in concrete mixture design to not only reduce cost, but also inc…
Proteins Derived Bionanocomposites from Poultry By-Product for Food Packaging Applications
Spent hens, a poultry by-product, have little marketplace and their disposal methods are infeasible so to find alternative uses which are environmentally safe is prudent. In this study, proteins were extracted from spent hen by alkali aided extraction method with high recovery (74%) and purity (96%). For the preparati…
Quasiparticle Excitations with Berry Curvature in Insulating Magnets and Weyl Semimetals
The concept of the geometric Berry phase of the quantum mechanical wave function has led to a better theoretical understanding of natural phenomena in all fields of fundamental physics research. In condensed matter physics, the impact of this theoretical discovery has been particularly profound: The quantum Hall effec…
Simulation and Optimization of the Continuous Electrode Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusor
A concept for generating nuclear fusion power and converting the kinetic energy of aneutronic fusion products into electric energy is proposed, and simulations are developed to design and evaluate this concept. The presented concept is a spherical fusor consisting of linear ion acceleration channels that intersect in…
Directed motility of benthic diatoms
Diatoms are a group of highly diverse microalgae dominating aquatic systems and contributing to a quarter of the global primary production. They have a unique morphology including a biomineralized silicate-based cell wall. This rigid cell wall leads to cell size reduction during mitosis followed by size restoration th…
Synthesis and characterization of vanadium disulfide nanosheets and carbonized iron cations adsorbed onto polyaniline for high-performance supercapacitor applications
Due to an urgent need for efficient, clean, and sustainable sources of energy, as well as new technologies associated with energy conversion and storage, the most effective and practical technologies for electrochemical energy conversion and storage are batteries, fuel cells, and electrochemical supercapacitors. In re…
Correction for incidence angle and distance effects on TLS intensity data
By separating the target reflectance, incidence angle, and distance, the intensity value is expressed as the product of these three factors in the form of their polynomial functions based on the Weierstrass approximation theorem and a new terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) intensity data correction model is proposed. By…
Physical phenomena in metal-organic frameworks: mechanical, vibrational, and dielectric response
This thesis entails the utilisation of ab initio density functional theory (DFT) in conjunction with neutron and synchrotron spectroscopy to study the mechanical, vibrational, and dielectric response of metal-organic framework (MOF) materials at the molecular level. MOFs are crystalline materials with nanoscale porosi…
High Resolution Spectroscopy of Erbium Doped Solids
This thesis investigates the potential of Er:YSO and Er:Si for quantum communication and computation applications. Erbium uniquely possess optical transitions in the 1.5 um region, making it suitable for both fibre telecommunication and silicon photonics. The properties of the ${I}_{15/2}\leftrightarrow{I}_{13/2}$ opt…
Deformation-Induced Martensitic Transformation and Mechanical Properties of Duplex and Austenitic Stainless Steels : A Synchrotron X-Ray Diffraction Study
Metastable austenitic and duplex stainless steels are widely used materials in industrial anddomestic applications, owing to their attractive characteristics such as good corrosion resistanceand favorable mechanical properties. Both types of steel experience enhanced mechanicalproperties during plastic deformation due…
Spreading of water drop on a vibrating surface
One of the more interesting aspects of vibrations and liquids is its wettability; it is related to surface energies comprising solid-vapor, solid-liquid and liquid-vapor interfaces. Many industry and technology applications, such as print, paint, inject, lubrication, surface engineering, etc., have a great interest to…
Composition identification, aging mechanisms and nondestructive aging indicator of commercial filled cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) cable insulation materials
This work studies the chemical composition, physical make-up, and aging mechanisms of thermally-exposed and gamma-irradiated, commercial, cross-linked, polyethylene (XLPE) cable insulation material used in Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs), using various analytical characterization techniques. Understanding of cable aging b…