Materials Literature
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Layered materials, three-dimensional crystals built from stacking two-dimensional components, are attracting intense interest because of their structural anisotropy and the fascinating properties that result. However, the range of such layered materials that can exchange anions is quite small. Continuing efforts have…
Nanometal surface energy transfer (NSET) is a molecular ruler technique that has been utilized to optically probe long distances in biomolecular structures. We investigate the useful spectral range of donor dyes and the importance of overlap between the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and the donor photolum…
Abstract Nanoparticles of transition metals, particularly noble metals, are widely used in catalysis. However, enhancing their stability during catalytic reactions has been a challenge that has limited the full use of the benefits associated with their small size. In this Feature Article, a general “encapsulation and…
YVO(4) nano/microcrystals with multiform morphologies, such as nanoparticles, microdoughnut, micropancake, pillar structure, and microflower, have been synthesized via a facile hydrothermal route. A series of controlled experiments indicate that the shape and size of as-prepared architectures can be tuned effectively…
Diamond and graphite are polymorphs of each other: they have the same composition but different structures and properties. Many other substances exhibit polymorphism: inorganic and organic, natural and manmade. Polymorphs are encountered in studies of crystallization, phase transition, materials synthesis, and biomine…
Applying stress/strain on a material provides a mechanism to tune the thermal conductivity of materials dynamically or on demand. Experimental and simulation results have shown that thermal conductivity of bulk materials can change significantly under external pressure (compressive stress). However, stress/strain effe…
Supercapacitor electrodes fabricated from single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are shown to be capable of durable operation at 4 V, exceeding the operating voltage limit of activated carbon electrodes (AC, 3 V), while delivering significantly higher energy and power (see figure). Dual exploitation of SWNTs as combin…
In this paper, mechanical and tribological properties of a Ti-50.3 at % Ni alloy were investigated. The transformation temperatures of the alloy were determined using differential scanning calorimetry. Three-point bending tests were performed to characterize the pseudoelasticity and shape memory effects. Uni-axial com…
We carry on a theoretical investigation of the conditions for the appearance and/or modification of spin ordering in a dilute magnetic semiconductor that is in contact with a ferromagnetic metal. We show that the magnetic proximity effect has a rather complex physical nature in this system. Allowing for the hybridizat…
A dramatic drop of ≈5 orders of magnitude in the resistance (R) of La(0.175)Pr(0.45)Ca(0.375)MnO(3) epitaxial films upon exposure to optical photons derived from both continuous and pulsed lasers, as well as broad-band sources at temperatures (T) < 30 K is reported. The strength of change is a sensitive function of bo…
Quaternary ZnMgAlO films lattice matched to a ZnO wafer were designed, grown, and characterized in detail. It was observed that the Zn 1− x − y Mg x Al y O films are lattice matched to the ZnO substrates when grown with a x / y ratio of ∼2.8, as predicted based upon the Vegard’s rule. Cathodoluminescence spectra of th…
Abstract The XeCl excimer laser (308 nm) was used for depositing p‐type SrCu 2 O 2 (SCO) films by pulsed‐laser deposition (PLD) from undoped and Ba‐doped (6%) SCO targets. The SCO films were deposited at 300 °C on glass and p‐type Si substrates, while the oxygen pressure was kept constant at 5 × 10 −2 Pa and their pro…
A novel method based on controlled etching was developed to fabricate nanopores on preformed silica nanoparticles (<100 nm in diameter). The obtained monodisperse nanoporous particles could form highly stable homogeneous colloidal solution. Fluorescent silica nanoparticles and magnetic silica-coated gamma-Fe(2)O(3) na…
We present experimental differential cross sections for the elastic scattering of electrons from CF 3 H and CF 3 I for scattering angles from 10° or 20° up to 180° at incident electron energies of 5, 10, 20, 30 and 50 eV. We also estimate integral and momentum transfer cross sections with the present measurement of di…
Colloidal gold nanoparticles prepared by employing chitosan as the stabilizer in solvent of methanol-acetic acid solution were stable for months without precipitation. The mole ratio of chitosan-gold ions of 5:1 - 30:1 gave dispersed and fine gold particles in range of 9.4-10.4 nm. Gold reduction in chitosan matrix wa…
Two new quaternary thioborate compounds with strongly one-dimensional growth, BaSb(BS(3))S and BaBi(BS(3))S, have been synthesized using the conventional solid state reaction method in closed tubes at 1100 K. The single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis has shown that compound BaSb(BS(3))S crystallizes in space group…
Diamond nanoparticle (DN)-coated CNTs were synthesized using a cationic surfactant-assisted sonochemical method. The as-prepared DN coated CNTs were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that the DNs were coated…
Aging in martensite, which is accompanied by a gradual change in physical properties, has been observed in most shape-memory alloys for more than half a century. However, its microscopic mechanism has remained controversial due to a lack of experiments that can probe the atomic-level processes. By using a method which…
Nanocrystalline vanadium dioxide (VO2) thin films were prepared on glass substrates at different deposition temperatures by oxidizing sputtered vanadium films. Atomic force microscope, x-ray diffraction, and Raman scattering were employed to characterize the films. It was confirmed that low deposition temperature resu…
Abstract This paper reports an experimental study wherein flame resistance and limiting oxygen index of protective fabrics were determined before and after contamination with oil and after decontamination. Experimental variables were presence of contamination, laundry treatment, number of contamination/decontamination…