Materials Literature
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In this study, percolation theory is applied to explain the transitions in mechanical properties in sand-filled polyethylene composites. It is well known that the mechanical properties of polymers are highly dependent on the presence of fillers. When the particle content in a polymer matrix is increased, particles wil…
The thermal stability of the thin film morphology of two symmetric oxyethylene/oxybutylene block copolymers (E76B38 and E114B56) on mica and silicon was investigated via atomic force microscopy (AFM). It is found that morphological transition of EmBn thin films during melting is strongly dependent on the molecular wei…
An ultrahigh vacuum scanning tunnelling microscope (UHV-STM) was used to modify the interface between isolated ≈10 A-diameter single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) and the hydrogen-passivated Si(100) surface. Room-temperature UHV-STM desorption of hydrogen at the SWNT/H-Si(100) interface resulted in the local mechani…
We have developed a method to selectively deposit nanoparticles on the ordered nanoscale elements of PS–PI–PS (polystyrene– polyisoprene–polystyrene) block copolymer film. The process utilizes reactive ion plasma to selectively modify the PS surface with amine groups to electrostatically attract negatively charged Au…
Abstract A novel time‐ and cost‐saving technique to fabricate a CNT composite film was suggested by using poly(acrylonitrile) nanoparticles coated with functionalized carbon nanotubes. Composite films were formed with fCNTs attached to nanoparticles by hot pressing onto PMMA films. The electrical properties (conductiv…
Abstract The atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) technique has been successfully applied to synthesize a series of nonlinear optically (NLO) active homopolymers, 4‐(4‐nitrophenyl‐diazenyl) phenyl acrylate ( P ‐ NPAPA ) and 4‐(4‐methoxyphenyl‐diazenyl) phenyl acrylate ( P ‐ MPAPA ), containing azobenzene groups…
Abstract A study of the influence of UV radiation on the tensile properties of spider silk has shown that the shape of the stress–strain curves is not affected by 254‐nm irradiation, except for a significant decrease in the tensile strength and strain at breaking. This decrease has been found in both forcibly silked a…
Glyoxylate reductase catalyzes the NAD(P)H-linked reduction of glyoxylate to glycolate. Here, the 1.7 A crystal structure of glyoxylate reductase from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus horikoshii OT3 complexed with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate [NADP(H)] determined by the single-wavelength anomal…
The cluster-like Ru x Se y ( x ≈ 2, y ≈ 1) compound can be prepared by simple pyrolysis of the carbonyl complex Ru 4 Se 2 (CO) 11 in inert gas. We have observed this process in situ using X-ray diffraction. The clusters exhibit a disordered hcp -type structure with an average size of 1.7 nm. Selenium is probably coord…
This report summarizes the effect of various inorganic fillers such as alumina (α-Al 2 O 3 ), calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ), silica (SiO 2 ), and feldspar (KAlSi 3 O 8 ) on the flammability behavior of polypropylene (PP) composites. The effect of various filler loadings (by weight percent), typically at 40 and 60% has a…
Polystyrene (PS)/layered silicate nanocomposites are prepared by the melt blending technique. Na-MMT is modified with stearyltrimethyl ammonium chloride to evaluate the effect of clay modification on the performance of the nanocomposites. A comparative account with the nanocomposites prepared using commercial clay clo…
The cryocooling of protein crystals to temperatures of around 100 K drastically reduces X-ray-induced radiation damage. The majority of macromolecular data collection is therefore performed at 100 K, yielding diffraction data of higher resolution and allowing structure determination from much smaller crystals. However…
A method and a device for the promotion of crystal growth by keeping the crystallization solution metastable during the growth process are described. This is achieved by controlled temperature variation of the crystallization solution using parameters determined in situ during the growth process. The technique finds a…
This work deals with a new strategy for the elaboration of macro- to nanoporous materials. The adopted scheme involves the in-situ generation of foaming agents (CO 2 and isobutene) during the thermal treatment of a poly(phenylquinoxaline) (PPQ) film bearing thermolabile ( tert -butyloxycarbonyl, i.e., Boc) groups (PPQ…
Various defects--either bright or dark triangular defects--are observed on the (001) titanium disulfide surface by ultrahigh vacuum scanning tunneling microscopy. The experimental interpretations of the images available in the literature suggest that a fraction of Ti atoms could be displaced from the octahedral site t…
Abstract The high‐pressure melt‐crystallization behaviors of poly( p ‐phenylene sulfide) (PPS) were investigated using WAXD, DSC, TEM and SEM. PPS extended‐chain crystals with c ‐axis thickness exceeding 4.5 µm were formed at high pressure. The DSC results showed that the melting temperature and melting enthalpy of hi…
The thermal degradation of blends of different percentages of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) in vacuum gas oil (VGO) has been carried out in a fluidized-bed reactor. A wide range of percentages of the polymer has been selected for the study, including 0, 5, 25, 75, and 100% LDPE by weight. The strategy of mixing plas…
A high-density polyethylene (HDPE) is compounded with surfacetreated mica in a twin-screw extruder, with filler weight fractions (ø f ) of 5, 10, and 15%. The tensile, flexural, impact, heat distortion temperature and melt flow properties of the composites are measured to identify the effect of mica loading on these p…
Abstract The new copper(II) 15‐metallacrown‐5 complexes with the central metal ions Pb II , Hg II , Ag I , Na I and Y III , with the formula [MCu 5 L 5 ]X n {H 2 L is 2‐picolinehydroxamic acid or ( S )‐phenylalaninehydroxamic acid and X – is NO 3 – or Cl – }, have been synthesised and characterised by NMR and UV/Vis s…
Recently, the hypothesis was advanced that protein crystallization could be driven by the inclusion of small molecules rich in hydrogen-bonding, hydrophobic and electrostatic bonding possibilities. Conventional organic and biologically active molecules would promote lattice formation by their mediation of intermolecul…