Materials Literature
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: A new method for transmission electron microscope (TEM) specimen preparation using a focused ion beam (FIB) system that results in a lower rate of gallium (Ga) implantation has been developed. The method was applied to structural and analytical studies of composite materials such as silicon (Si)-devices and magneto-…
Barium and Zr generated in nuclear fuels can precipitate as multi-component oxide with some other fission products. In addition, the solubility of Ba in the fuel depends on the oxygen potential and the temperature and Zr can easily dissolve into the fuel matrix. Therefore, the behavior of the Ba-Zr oxide inclusions du…
Abstract In order to assess the influence of tetrahedral sheet charge on the hydroxyl-stretching vibration in clay minerals, a series of synthetic Na-saponites, with increasing layer charge, was studied by infrared (IR) spectroscopy. When recorded after KBr dilution either in transmission or diffuse reflectance, the I…
The electrochemical polymerization of pyrrole in aqueous solution was studied as a function of a variety of parameters, such as magnitude of current density and monomer concentration. The possibility of quantitative replacement of counterions by solution anions was studied in detail using the electrochemical quartz cr…
Literature on the polyurethane foam cell opening mechanism is reviewed and discussed. A new cell opening mechanism is proposed. Cell opening is observed to be triggered by urea precipitation which changes the rheology of the polyurethane dramatically. The foam matrix shows extensional thinning behavior after urea phas…
Abstract Blends of high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) and polypropylene (PP) were prepared in different twin‐screw extruders. Two additives, a peroxide initiator and a polymerizable monomer, were added to the polymeric feed components. A large influence on the physical properties, such as toughness and impact strength,…
Abstract The currently available methods for the computation of structures and their properties are reviewed. After a brief introduction into some common technical aspects, the capabilities and limitations of the most commonly used approaches are discussed. Examples are given to show the state of the art in Computatio…
Chemoenzymatic synthesis of a poly(hydroquinone) was achieved by enzymatic oxidative polymerization of 4-hydroxyphenyl benzoate, followed by alkaline hydrolysis of the resulting polymer. The polymerization of 4-hydroxyphenyl benzoate was performed using a peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide as catalyst and oxidizing agen…
Using (Me5Cp)2ZrCl2 and Et(Ind)2ZrCl2 activated by methylaluminoxane (MAO), ethene/1-hexene copolymers of markedly different densities were produced under the same conditions. Binary blends were produced by melt blending of a high-density ethene/1-hexene copolymer with an elastomeric ethene/1-hexene copolymer. Transmi…
The influence of the addition of poly(4-vinylpyridine poly-3-oxide ethylene) (P4VPP3OE) on the corrosion of Armco iron in molar sulphuric acid has been investigated by potentiodynamic and polarisation resistance measurements. The polymer studied reduces the corrosion current densities. The inhibition efficiency (E%) o…
Bis(hexafluoroacetylacetonato)copper(II), Cu(hfac)2 (= M) reacts with 5-bromo-1,3-phenylenebis(N-tert-butylaminoxyl), 1 Br to yield a complex of formula [M 3·(1 Br)2]. The X-ray crystal structure shows that it crystallizes in the space group P2, with a = 12.469(2) Å, b = 15.278(2) Å, c= 11.602(2) Å, α = 104.59(1)°;, β…
The interaction of vacancy loops (VLs) and stacking-fault tetrahedra (SFTs) with point defects and the processes of growth and shrinkage of VLs and SFTs have been studied using computer simulation and a long-range pair potential for copper. It was found that there is a qualitative difference in the mechanism of growth…
The structure of several types of layered materials will be described. These include clays, layered double hydroxides, group IV metal phosphates and other layered materials. The preparation of the pillared materials and pillaring agents will be presented along with a description of the properties and applications of t…
The low energy electron reflectivity from a magnetic surface depends on the relative orientation between the electron spin and the sample magnetization. This effect has been exploited for realizing a new electron spin polarization detector. As a scattering surface we have used a well ordered Fe(001)-p(1×1)O surface, w…
Enthalpies of drop-solution (∆H drop-soln ) of a suite of stuffed quartz-derivative phases with the composition Li 1-x Al 1-x Si 1+x O4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) have been measured in molten 2PbO·B 2 O 3 at 974 K. Substitution of Si 4+ for Li + +Al 3+ results in more exothermic enthalpies of drop-solution, which is consistent with…
The p - e hysteresis loop near the morphotropic phase boundary in the perovskite-type oxide solid solution system is discussed on the basis of a Landau-type free energy function. It was found that the coercive field in the p - e hysteresis loop decreases upon approaching the morphotropic phase boundary and vanishes at…
Abstract Coarsening of the phase dimensions in polymer blends under quiescent conditions is studied in blends of different morphologies; the dependence of the rate and extent of coarsening on the initial morphology is demonstrated. In blends with a droplet/matrix structure, coarsening via coalescence is found only abo…
Crystalline ZnS films were prepared on glass substrates from a high‐crystallinity ZnS pellet using an ion‐plating method. The crystallinity and friction‐induced photon‐emitting capability (triboluminescence) of the films were greatly enhanced by postannealing under vacuum. The annealing treatment made the ZnS films st…
We present an analytical model describing the instability of the interface during anodization of p‐type resistive silicon in HF electrolyte, leading to porous silicon formation. Our analytical approximations are applicable to p‐type amorphous and crystalline silicon with resistivities in the range from about 0.1 to 10…
Four kinds of polyurethane/polyacrylate interpenetrating polymer networks (crosslinked polyacrylate semi-IPNs, crosslinked polyurethane semi-IPNs, all-IPNs and all-IPNs with opposite charge groups) were synthesized by a simultaneous polymerization process. Their damping properties, mechanical properties and multiphase…