Materials Literature
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Transparent and conducting SnOx thin films were made by reactive rf magnetron sputtering of Sn in Ar+O2 onto unheated glass. Optical and electrical properties were reconciled with a quantitative model for wide band-gap semiconductors. The theory is based on heavy n doping by doubly ionized oxygen vacancies and ionized…
Photoelectron spectra of calaverite, AuTe 2 , show a Au 5d band extending from -3 to -8 eV below the Fermi energy. Photoemission peaks from Au 4f core levels are sharp, indicating that all Au atoms have the same valency. The binding energies of Au 4f electrons in AuTe 2 and metallic Au are approximately the same. Acco…
We have grown crystalline thin films of LaAlO3 using off-axis rf sputtering from a single stoichiometric target. The films grow epitaxially on SrTiO3 and LaAlO3 (100) substrates as well as on YBa2Cu3O7 thin films. We report on the growth conditions used to make these films, the properties of the films, and the propert…
Abstract Since 4‐vinylbenzyl N,N ‐diethyldithiocarbamate (VBDC) polymer easily cleaves at the C—S bond and generates benzyl radical, graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) or 4‐vinylpyridine (VPy) onto VBDC polymer is easily performed by UV irradiation. The structural analyses of the graft copolymers are…
Abstract Cellulose‐hydroxamic acid derivatives, which were reported as a novel cellulose derivative were prepared from dialdehyde celluloses obtained by periodate oxidation of cellulose, and certain properties of unusual cellulose derivative containing hydroxamic acid groups and of various metal complexes formed with…
Abstract Four kinds of annealed polyethylene (PE) films with varying densities were photo‐irradiated with a medium pressure mercury lamp. Photodegradation processes were followed by ultraviolet (UV) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic techniques and by gel and mechanical property measurements. Oxygenat…
Abstract A process has been developed for continuous photoinitiated graft copolymerization of acrylamide (AM) and acrylic acid (AA) onto the surface of high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) tape film, presoaked in a solution containing monomer and initiator under nitrogen atmosphere. As photoinitiator we have used benzophe…
Several experiments were performed in order to understand the creation and readout mechanisms of photostimulable (PS) centers in BaFBr:${\mathrm{Eu}}^{2+}$ single crystals. PS centers can be efficiently created starting from 6.7 eV, i.e., the minimal energy required to excite the first valence exciton. This exciton re…
Abstract Poly(aryl‐ether‐ether‐ketone) (PEEK) has been heated at 400°C in both nitrogen and air. The extent of thermal degradation has been monitored by a variety of techniques including: solution viscometry, UV‐visible spectroscopy, 13 C high‐resolution cross‐polarization/magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonan…
Abstract Structure of Bombyx mori silk fibroin membrane insolubilized with methanol, especially in the swollen state, is studied by means of spin‐label ESR, 13 C‐NMR, and FT‐IR (ATR method) spectroscopies. FT‐IR data indicate that the conformational transition from random coil to antiparallel β‐sheet occurs at the sur…
Sea urchin skeletal elements are composed of single crystals of calcite. Unlike their synthetic counterparts, these crystals do not have well-developed cleavage and are consequently much more resistant to fracture. This phenomenon is due in part to the presence of acidic glycoproteins occluded within the crystals. By…
Abstract The NMR relaxation time T1 of 1H and that of 19F were determined for polypyrrole and polythiophene doped with trifluoromethanesulfonate (triflate) or perchlorate ions. The 1H T1 is governed by the paramagnetism of the polymer chains. The 19F T1 of the triflate ions is explained by the combined effect of the F…
Abstract The theory of light‐scattering intensities originally discussed by Fleury and developed recently by the present authors for LaP 5 O 14 was applied to the second‐order ferroelectric phase transition in tris(sarcosine)calcium chloride, (CH 3 NHCH 2 COOH) 3 CaCl 2 · It was found that the combination of critical…
Abstract Vulcanization by peroxide and sulfur are the two common methods to crosslink diene elastomers. Crosslinks using peroxide are simple carbon-carbon covalent bonds, whereas, with sulfur, a distribution of sulfur linkages, S x , of various rank, x , may be present. Networks in which x=1 exclusively are said to be…
Modeling was carried out on vapor-liquid equilibria of nitric acid containing highly concentrated fission product nitrates to simulate the evaporation characteristics of a reprocessing plant high-level liquid waste (HLLW) concentrator. Results obtained with the model verified its reliability for prediction of vaporliq…
Abstract New dioxygen molybdenum porphyrins were formed by the introduction of dioxygen into the toluene solutions of oxomolybdenum(IV) porphyrins, MoIVO(tpp) and MoIVO(oep), around −70 °C. By raising the temperature to 25 °C, or by the photoirradiation of the solutions with the wavelength of the Soret bands, the pare…
Abstract [3‐ 13 C]‐Ethyl farnesoate was prepared by alkylating 3‐ 13 C‐ethyl acetoacetate with geranyl bromide, followed by hydrolysis, decarboxylation and treatment with the anion of triethyl phosphonoacetate. The ester was reduced with LAH, brominated with CBr 4 /ϕ 3 P, and the farnesyl bromide coupled with CuI/Li‐p…
Constant elongation rate tests and constant load, subcritical crack growth tests were used to investigate the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) susceptibility of metastable (type 301 [UNS(1) S30100]) and stable (type 310S [UNS S30108]) austenitic stainless steels in H2SO4/NaCl aqueous solutions at 25°C. For annealed typ…
Abstract The passivation behaviour and pitting corrosion of a commercial grade α‐brass (Cu/Zn:63/37) in neutral buffer solutions (borate and phosphate) in the presence and absence of chloride ions were investigated by electrochemical techniques. The results indicated the dezincification in absence of chloride ions at…
(N(CH3)4)2ZnBr4 undergoes a ferroelastic phase transition from an orthorhombic mmm structure to a monoclinic 2/m phase. Birefringence and optical indicatrix rotation about the monoclinic axis have been measured in the ferroelastic phase and their temperature dependences have been related to the order parameter of the…